Treffer: Impact of modified B-splines on particle-in-cell modeling for electron-ion nonlinear dynamics.

The present study explores the impact of implementing a third-order B-spline as a kernel function with random modifications in Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulations for nonlinear electron-ion dynamics. This modification is motivated by the need to simulate certain local fluctuations present in the physical system but often lost or distorted by numerical effects. Thus, the modified B-spline is proposed; rather than using deterministic and fixed functions, we introduce small random variations. This approach has the potential to more effectively attenuate oscillations generated by the concentration of superparticles in adjacent cells, while more faithfully capturing the microscopic statistics of the simulated plasma. The results suggest potential improvements for high-fidelity PIC applications. To verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method, we develop simulations in a cubic domain with controlled initial conditions, following the benchmark described by Brieda. We compare trilinear interpolation, the cubic B-spline interpolation, and the cubic modified B-spline interpolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]