Treffer: INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE

Data science is an interdisciplinary field that has rapidly emerged as a corner- stone of modern decision-making and innovation across industries. This chapter provides a comprehensive introduction to data science, exploring its definition, historical evolution, and the convergence of statistics, computer science, and domain expertise that defines its interdisciplinary nature. The data science workflow and lifecycle are outlined, detailing each stage from problem formulation and data acquisition to model deployment and monitoring. Key professional roles within data science teams-including data scientists, data analysts, data engineers, and machine learning engineers-are described to clarify the collaborative ecosystem necessary for successful data-driven projects. The chapter also examines diverse applications of data science in sectors such as healthcare, finance, and retail, illustrating its transformative impact through real-world examples. An overview of essential tools and technologies, including programming languages, libraries, and platforms, is provided to familiarize readers with the current technical landscape. Finally, the chapter discusses emerging trends and future directions, such as automated machine learning, explainable AI, and ethical considerations, which are shaping the trajectory of the field. By the end of this chapter, readers will have a foundational understanding of data science’s principles, practices, and its pivotal role in solving complex real-world problems [1].