Treffer: Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators

Lancet (London, England) [Lancet] 2025 Oct 18; Vol. 406 (10513), pp. 1873-1922. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 12.

Journal Article

English

Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985213R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1474-547X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01406736 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Lancet Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2004- : London : Elsevier
Original Publication: London : J. Onwhyn

Global Burden of Disease*/trends , Life Expectancy*/trends , Wounds and Injuries*/epidemiology, Humans ; Risk Factors ; Male ; Female ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Global Health/statistics & numerical data ; Child ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Infant ; Child, Preschool ; Young Adult ; Infant, Newborn ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Persons with Disabilities/statistics & numerical data ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Aged, 80 and over

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P01 HD031921 United States HD NICHD NIH HHS; R01 AG044917 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R01 AG030153 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; HHSN271201300071C United States AG NIA NIH HHS; United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust; R03 AG043052 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R01 AG034479 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R01 AG018016 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R21 AG032572 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; U01 AG009740 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R01 AG031716 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R21 AG034263 United States AG NIA NIH HHS

Investigator: SI Hay, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: sihay@uw.edu.; KL Ong, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; DF Santomauro, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; B A, Amity Institute of Public Health, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India.; MA Aalipour, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Aalruz, Department of Nursing, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; HS Ababneh, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; UO Abaraogu, School of Health & Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK; Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.; BB Abate, Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; C Abbafati, Department of Legal and Economic Studies, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.; N Abbas, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China.; M Abbasifard, Department of Internal Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.; M Abbasi-Kangevari, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Abd ElHafeez, Department of Epidemiology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.; AN Abdalla, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.; MA Abdalla, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK.; EM Abdallah, Department of Biology, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.; BA Abdeeq, Department of Health and Nutrition, Save the Children, Hargeisa, Somalia.; NMI Abdel Razeq, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; AA Abdelgalil, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; R Abdel-Hameed, Basic Science Department, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.; M Abdelmasseh, Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA.; M Abdelnabi, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA.; WM Abdel-Rahman, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; S Abd-Elsalam, Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.; S Abdi, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; M Abdollahi, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Abdoun, Department of Medicine, University of Setif Algeria, Sétif, Algeria; Department of Health, Sétif, Algeria.; A Abdous, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.; JM Abdul Aziz, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Baxshin Hospital, Baxshin Research Center, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; DM Abdulah, Community and Maternity Nursing Unit, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.; RS Abdulkader, National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.; A Abdullahi, Department of Population and Global Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; A Abdullahi, Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria.; T Abdul-Rahman, Department of Research, Toufik's World Medical Association, Antonova 10, Ukraine.; K Abdykerimova, Department of General Surgery and Clinical Anatomy, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; H Abebe Getahun, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; A Abedi, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; A Abedi, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; AA Abejew, School of Pharmacy, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; RA Abeldaño Zuñiga, Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Miahuatlan de Porfirio Diaz, Mexico; Yhteiskuntadatatieteen keskus (Centre for Social Data Science), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; ES Abhilash, Department of Botany, Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur, Kozhikode, India.; SUA Abid, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; SH Abidi, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan.; A Abie, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; OO Abiodun, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Abuja, Nigeria.; O Abiodun, Department of Community Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria.; RG Aboagye, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; S Abohashem, Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; H Abolhassani, Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; US Abonie, Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK.; NM Abourashed, Basic Science Department, Preparatory Year, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.; M Abouzid, Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.; D Abramov, Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA.; LG Abreu, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; D Abtahi, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; RK Abu Farha, Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; FHA Abuadas, Community Health Nursing Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.; AK Abubakar, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Population Data Science, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.; B Abubakar, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria; Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.; E Abu-Gharbieh, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; S Abuhammad, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; AY Abuhelwa, Department Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; HJ Abukhadijah, Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; NM Abu-Rmeileh, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Birzeit University, Ramallah, Palestine.; S Aburuz, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; D Abushanab, Department of Pharmacy, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; RR Achar, Department of Biochemistry, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysuru, India.; AB Acharya, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; A Acharya, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal.; IN Ackerman, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; JM Acuna, Department of Clinical Medicine, American University of Antigua, Coolidge, Antigua and Barbuda; FIU Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.; O Adal, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; LC Adams, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.; LH Adamu, Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria; Department of Anatomy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.; MM Adane, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; ZD Addisu, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; IY Addo, School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; OA Adeagbo, Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Department of Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.; TA Adebisi, Department of Microbiology, Ladoke Akintola University, Osogbo, Nigeria; NMC Healthcare, Independent Consultant, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; IA Adedeji, Department of Sociology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria.; D Adedia, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; KA Adedokun, Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA; Graduate Program Division, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.; RA Adedoyin, Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.; OE Adegbile, Department of Pediatrics, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, Johnson City, TN, USA.; OA Adegboye, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.; NA Adegoke, Translational Research Team, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; OT Adeleke, Department of Family Medicine, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria; Department of Family Medicine, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.; IA Adesina, Department of Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; MA Adesina, Slum and Rural Health Initiative Research Academy, Slum and Rural Health Initiative, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Physiotherapy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; HO Adewuyi, Department of Educational Counselling and Developmental Psychology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Educational Psychology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.; TE Adeyeoluwa, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; OI Adeyomoye, Department of Physiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; K Adhikari, Department of Community Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Nepal; Public Health Section, Himalayan Environment and Public Health Network (HEPHN), Chitwan, Nepal.; RK Adhikary, Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh; Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.; U Adiga, Apollo Institute Of Medical Sciences & Research Chittoor, Apollo Hospital, Chittoor, India.; M Adnan, Department of Biology, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; QES Adnani, Department of Public Health, Universitas Padjadjaran (Padjadjaran University), Bandung, Indonesia.; PO Adoma, Department of Health Administration and Education, University of Education Winneba, Winneba, Ghana.; LA Adzigbli, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; D Adzrago, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.; G Affinito, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples, Italy.; AM Afifi, Department of Surgery, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.; AA Afolabi, Technical Services Directorate, MSI Nigeria Reproductive Choices, Abuja, Nigeria.; RF Afolabi, Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; S Afzal, Department of Community Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Public Health, Public Health Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.; GB Agafari, Department of Public Health, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.; SB Agampodi, Department of New Initiatives, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South Korea.; TA Ageru, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.; N Aggarwal, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India.; M Aghaalikhani, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; S Aghajanian, Department of Neurosurgery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SMK Aghamir, Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; C Agostinis Sobrinho, Health Research and Innovation Sciences Center, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania; SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal.; A Agrawal, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka University, Sonipat, India.; W Agyemang-Duah, Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.; M Ahadi, Rajaie Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; BO Ahinkorah, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; A Ahmad, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.; D Ahmad, School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, NSW, Australia.; F Ahmad, Biological Production Unit National Institute of Health Islamabad Pakistan, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan; World Health Organisation, Islamabad, Pakistan.; K Ahmad, Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; K Ahmad, Department of Health Informatics, Qassim University, Buraidha, Saudi Arabia.; MM Ahmad, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; N Ahmad, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; R Ahmad, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Pharmacy Practice, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.; S Ahmad, Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.; T Ahmad, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Community Health Sciences, Sohail University, Karachi, Pakistan.; W Ahmad, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.; NS Ahmadi, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AM Ahmadzade, Department of Neuroscience, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; M Ahmadzade, Urology Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AO Ahmed, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.; A Ahmed, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.; A Ahmed, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; GS Ahmed, Medical Laboratory Science Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; H Ahmed, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.; J Ahmed, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; LA Ahmed, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; MS Ahmed, College of Nursing, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.; MS Ahmed, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.; MB Ahmed, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; M Ahmed, Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.; O Ahmed, Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.; S Ahmed, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; SM Ahmed, Department of Public Health Epidemiology, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Menelik II Medical and Health Science College, EpiMetrics, Inc., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; G Aimagambetova, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan; Clinical Academic Department of Women's Health, NU Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan.; A Aj Jabbar, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq.; DE Ajala, Bowen University Hospital, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria.; M Ajami, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AO Ajose, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; H Akbarialiabad, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; S Akbarifard, Department of Water Engineering, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.; O Akeju, Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; RE Akhigbe, Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.; OA Akinkuotu, School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, USA.; K Akinosoglou, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece; Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.; MA Akkaif, Department of Cardiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.; S Akkala, Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; W Akosile, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; H Akram, Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Baylor Scott & White Health, Frisco, TX, USA.; AE Akrami, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA; Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; RK Akyea, Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.; A Al Amiry, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; S Al Awaidy, Department of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman; Middle East, Eurasia, and Africa Influenza Stakeholders Network, Muscat, Oman.; SM Al Hasan, Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; O Al Omari, Fundamentals and Administration Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.; M Al Qadire, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan.; O Al Ta'ani, Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; WAM Al Taie, Department of General Education, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.; Y Al Thaher, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan; School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.; OAM Al Zaabi, Department of Adult Health and Critical Care, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.; MAM Al Zoubi, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; MA Al-Abbadi, The University of Jordan School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; Y Al-Ajlouni, Department of Rehabilitation, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; TA Alalwan, Department of Biology, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain.; Z Al-Aly, Department of Research and Development, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Clinical Epidemiology Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), St. Louis, MO, USA.; K Alam, Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.; M Alam, Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.; MK Alam, Preventive Dentistry Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.; M Alam, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; RM Al-Amer, School of Nursing, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; A Alamrew, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.; A Alansari, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; TM Alanzi, Department of Health Information Management and Technology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; FY Al-Ashwal, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.; R Al-Asmar, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; SMA Alavi, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.; M Albashtawy, Department of Community and Mental Health, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan.; A Al-Dalakta, Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; KA Aldawsari, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Heart Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; WA Aldhaleei, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; MS Aldossary, General Directorate of Research and Studies, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; RW Aldridge, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK.; R Alebshehy, Department of Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.; SM Aleidi, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; BA Alemayehu, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; TT Alemayehu, School of Pharmacy, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; F Alemnew, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; MB Alemu, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Health Systems and Policy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; A Al-Eyadhy, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; AM Alfalki, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.; FD Algahtani, Department of Public Health, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; AM Algammal, Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.; MR Algethami, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; AAS Al-Gheethi, Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.; K Al-Habbal, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; KF Alhabib, Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; NB Alhaji, Africa Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Minna, Nigeria.; S Al-Hajj, Epidemiology and Population Health Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; British Columbia Injury Research Prevention Unit, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; FN Alhalaiqa, College of Nursing, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; MK Al-Hanawi, Department of Health Services and Hospital Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Health Economics Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; A Alhassan Ibrahim, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences (Physiotherapy), Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq.; A Alhumaidi, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibn Al-Nafis University for Medical Sciences, Sana'a, Yemen.; FA Alhumaydhi, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.; D Alhuwail, Information Science Department, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait; Health Informatics Unit and Geohealth Lab, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.; A Ali, Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan.; HM Ali, Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan.; I Ali, Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.; M Ali, School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; MD Ali, Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; MU Ali, Department of Medical Rehabilitation (Physiotherapy), University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria; The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; R Ali, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; S Ali, Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Charbagh, Pakistan.; SS Ali, Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan.; SY Ali, Biomedical Engineering Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; W Ali, Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.; A Al-Ibraheem, Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; G Alicandro, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano (University of Milan), Milan, Italy; Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.; M Al-Iede, The School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; SM Alif, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; M Alipour, Biomedical Physics Group, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.; SW Al-Jabi, Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.; MA Aljasir, Department of Medical Laboratories, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.; M Aljofan, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.; A Al-Jumaily, School of Physics, Mathematics and Computing, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Information and Communication Technology Research Pole (Lab-STICC), ENSTA Bretagne, Brest, France.; SM Aljunid, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia.; A Alkhatib, College of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK.; MH Alkhatib, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; M Alkhawam, Cardiovascular Division, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA.; A Allahbakhshian, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; KS Allemailem, Department of Medical Laboratories, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.; MZ Allouh, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; WT Almagharbeh, Faculty of Nursing, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.; W Almahmeed, Department of Cardiology, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine and Health Sciences Academic Programs, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; S Al-Marwani, Independent Consultant, Amman, Jordan.; NA Almasri, Rehabilitation Sciences Department, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; JU Almazan, Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.; HM Al-Mekhlafi, Department of Parasitology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Parasitology, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.; O Almidani, Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; A Almobayed, Ophthalmology Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.; KA Alnawafleh, Nursing Faculty, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.; HY Alniss, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; MB Alocious Sukumar, School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.; MA Alomari, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; MR Alosta, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan.; JS Alqahtani, Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; SA Alqahtani, Liver, Digestive, and Lifestyle Health Research Section, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.; MR Alqudimat, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait.; AR Al-Qudimat, Surgical Research Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; A Alrawashdeh, Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; I Alrimawi, Department of Nursing, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.; SM Alrousan, Macro-Fiscal Policy Department, Ministry of Finance, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.; SK Al-Sabah, Department of Surgery, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait; Jaber Al Ahmad Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait, Kuwait.; MA Alsabri, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sana'a University, Sanaa, Yemen; Pediatric Emergency Medicine Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; NZ Alshahrani, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; MA Alshehri, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.; Z Altaany, Department of Basic Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; Health Science Division, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; A Altaf, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Faculty of Health Sciences, Equator University of Science and Technology, Uganda, Masaka, Uganda.; AB Al-Tammemi, Research, Policy, and Training Directorate, Jordan Center for Disease Control, Amman, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; JA Al-Tawfiq, Department of Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.; MA Althobiani, Department of Respiratory Therapy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Respiratory Therapy Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; KA Altirkawi, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; J Alvarez-Galvez, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.; VL Alves Carneiro, School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.; N Alvis-Guzman, Research Group in Health Economics, Universidad de Cartagena (University of Cartagena), Cartagena, Colombia; Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast), Barranquilla, Colombia.; NJ Alvis-Zakzuk, Department of Economic Sciences, Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast), Barranquilla, Colombia; National Health Observatory, National Institute of Health, Bogota, Colombia.; H Alwafi, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.; M Al-Wardat, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; YM Al-Worafi, Department of Medical Sciences, Azal University for Human Development, Sana'a, Yemen; Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates.; H Aly, Department of Pediatrics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; MSI Alyahya, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; A AlZahmi, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; H Alzahrani, Department of Physiotherapy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.; KH Alzoubi, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; MA Al-Zubayer, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; UA Amaechi, Evaluation Unit, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisations, Geneva, Switzerland.; EJ Amafah, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK.; J Amafah, Global Health Advocacy Incubator (GHAI), University of Central Nicaragua, Washington, DC, USA.; M Aman Mohammadi, Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.; R Amani-Beni, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Heart Failure Research Center., Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; AK Amegah, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.; F Amer, Department of Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.; B Amidi, Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; A Amin, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Summer Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; TT Amin, Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; A Amindarolzarbi, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.; S Amini, Department of Health and Management Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.; E Amini-Salehi, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; N Aminu, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria; School of Pharmacy, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.; M Aminzare, Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; S Amiri, Spiritual Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; JO Amlag, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; DA Amugsi, Department of Health and Wellbeing, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.; J Amzat, Department of Sociology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Sociology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.; F Anagnostakis, Center for Biomedical Image Computing & Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; RA Ananda, Department of General Medicine, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia.; R Ancuceanu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.; D Anderlini, Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Neurology Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; DB Anderson, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; JA Anderson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; S Androudi, Department of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.; SC Anenberg, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; SP Ang, Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers University, Toms River, NJ, USA; Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.; C Angus, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; NH Anh, Department of General Medicine, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Vietnam, Thai Binh City, Vietnam.; SE Ankomah, Department of Management, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.; K Annadurai, Department of Public Health, The Apollo University, Chittoor, India.; A Anoushiravani, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; I Ansari, General Surgery Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Ansari, Department of Physiotherapy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India.; U Ansari, Pharmacy Department, Critical Care, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; RM Anteneh, Department of Public Health, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.; JM Antó, Environment and Health over the Lifecourse Programme, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.; CM Antony, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; E Antriyandarti, Agribusiness Study Program, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia.; BS Anuoluwa, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; S Anwar, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBSc), Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.; SL Anwar, Department of Surgery, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; R Anwer, Department of Pathology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; S Anwer, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; AE Anyasodor, Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia.; GLC Apostol, School of Medicine and Public Health, Ateneo De Manila University, Pasig City, Philippines; Inter-Agency Committee on Environmental Health, Department of Health Philippines, Manila, Philippines.; JP Arab, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Gastroenterology Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.; H Arabi, Geneva University Hospital, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; J Arabloo, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Arafat, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; AY Aravkin, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; D Areda, College of Art and Science, Ottawa University, Surprise, AZ, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.; J Arias de la Torre, Care in Long Term Conditions Research Division, King's College London, London, UK; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.; H Ariffin, Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; University of Malaya Medical Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; B Armocida, Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy.; J Ärnlöv, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.; J Arockiaraj, Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.; M Arooj, University College of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; AA Artamonov, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.; KD Artanti, Division of Epidemiology, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia.; RT Aruleba, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, USA.; D Arumuganainar, Department of Periodontics, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; N Aryntayeva, Department of Public Health, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of Clinical Disciplines, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; M Asadi Anar, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; College of medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.; M Asaduzzaman, Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; SMB Asdaq, Department of Pharmacy Practice, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; SM Asefa, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; MT Asemu, Department of Public Health, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.; S Asgary, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; National Agency for Strategic Research in Medical Education (NASRME), Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.; M Asghari-Jafarabadi, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, Australia.; C Ashbaugh, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; SA Ashraf, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; T Ashraf, Pioneer Journal of Biostatistics and Medical Research (PJBMR), Pakistan, Pakistan.; M Ashrafi, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; M Ashrafizadeh, Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong University, Shandong, China.; BKY Asiamah-Asare, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; MS Aslam, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia.; S Aslani, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Y Asri, Nursing Department, Institute of Technology and Health Science RS dr Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia; Faculty of Health Science, Institute of Technology and Health Science RS dr Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia.; B Assembekov, Atchabar Scientific Research Institute, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; T Astell-Burt, School of Architecture, Design, and Planning, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Ataei, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.; M Athari, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; SS Athari, Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; MMW Atout, Faculty of Nursing, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan.; SR Atre, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India; Center for Clinical Global Health Education, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; A Atreya, Department of Forensic Medicine, Lumbini Medical College, Palpa, Nepal.; JA Atta, Management Policy and Community Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; ZA Atwan, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.; ZM Aumoldaeva, кафедра, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; M Ausloos, School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; A Avan, Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.; NCP Avelar, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil.; SJ Awan, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; BB Awosile, School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, USA.; AW Awotidebe, Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.; LAA Ayana, Department of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; Department of Health Behavior and Society, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; SH Ayatizadeh, Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; OO Ayinde, Psychiatry Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; YO Ayipo, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, Kwara State University, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria; Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pinang, Malaysia.; SM Ayyoubzadeh, Department of Health Information Management, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; D Azadi, Laboratory Sciences Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.; S Azadnajafabad, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; A Azarboo, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Azargoonjahromi, Department of Nursing, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; M Azhar, Miami Cardiovascular Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Inc, Miami, FL, USA.; F Azimi, Department of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MY Aziz, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.; SA Aziz, Department of Anesthesia, Cihan University -Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Department of Basic Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; A Azizan, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AY Azzam, ASIDE Healthcare, Lewes, DE, USA; Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt.; D Azzolino, Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.; ZS Babandi, Community Medicine Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; R Babiker, Physiology department, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Alkhaimah, United Arab Emirates.; GR Babu, Department of Population Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; IT Bacha, School of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; M Badar, Directorate of Quality Assurance, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.; AD Badiye, Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science Nagpur, Nagpur, India; Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India.; AA Badran, Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Microbiology Department, Horus University Egypt, Damietta, Egypt.; Y Bae, Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.; A Bagga, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; S Baghdadi, Department of Orthopedics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Orthopedic Institute for Children, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; N Bagheri, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, NSW, Australia.; S Bagheri, School of Medical Education and Learning Technologies, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; E Baghizadeh, Shahid Rajii Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Baghizadeh, Taleghani Anesthesiologist, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Baghizadeh, Dental Material Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.; KK Baghlaf, Pediatric Dentistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; N Bahmanziari, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MA Bahrami, Healthcare Management Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; R Bahreini, College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR, USA.; R Bai, Clinical Research Center, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing, China.; AA Baig, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Alam, Malaysia.; V Baigi, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SM Bakkannavar, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; AT Bako, TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX, USA.; S Balakrishnan, Division of Biological Sciences, Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology, Chennai, India.; WF Balcha, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; M Balkis, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Chen Senior Medical Center, Tamarac, FL, USA.; J Balmori-de-la-Miyar, Anahuac Business School, Universidad Anahuac Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.; M Balooch Hasankhani, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; OC Baltatu, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Anhembi Morumbi University, São José dos Campos, Brazil.; S Bamashmous, Periodontology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; M Banach, Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland.; M Banakar, Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; PC Banik, Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; R Banik, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; S Barati, Department of Anatomy, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.; NC Barengo, Department of Translational Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.; SL Barker-Collo, School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.; HJ Barqawi, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; IA Barreras Beltran, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Barrow, Department of Public and Environmental Health, University of The Gambia, Banjul, The Gambia; Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.; S Barteit, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; L Barua, Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MA Bashar, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India.; Z Basharat, Alpha Genomics Private Limited, Islamabad, Pakistan.; S Bashir, University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; G Basile, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; P Baskaran, Department of Community Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, Puducherry, India.; R Basri, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.; Q Bassat, ISGlobal Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona (Barcelona Institute for Global Health), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.; MM Bastan, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Basu, Center for Primary Care, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; S Basu, Department of Community Medicine, Employees State Insurance-Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kolkata, India.; K Batra, Department of Medical Education, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.; BT Baune, Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; M Bayat, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Pastor Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MA Bayat Tork, Biological Science Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; MT Bayih, Department Nutrition and Dietetics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; FS Bayisa, Epidemiology ang Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; NS Bayleyegn, Department of Surgery, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; T Beaney, The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; N Bedi, School of Public Health, Dr. D. Y. Patil University, Mumbai, India; Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; NM Beeraka, Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; P Behera, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.; J Behjati, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; B Behnam, Avicenna Biotech Research, Germantown, MD, USA; Department of Regulatory Affairs, Amarex Clinical Research, Germantown, MD, USA.; AH Behnoush, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran.; BK Bekele, Milken Institute of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; AG Belayneh, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; M Belayneh, Department of Public Health, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Public Health, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.; AC Belete, Department of Midwifery, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.; G Belge Bilgin, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; M Belingheri, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Direzione Sanitaria, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.; MB Bello, Infectious Disease Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria.; OO Bello, Department of Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; L Belo, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; A Beloukas, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece; National AIDS Reference Center of Southern Greece, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece.; S Bendak, Department of Industrial Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; R Bendardaf, Center of Excellence of Cancer Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; C Benjet, Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico.; DA Bennett, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; IM Bensenor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; SN Bente Kamal Tune, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; H Benzian, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University, New York, NY, USA.; Z Berezvai, Institute of Marketing and Communication Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary.; M Bergami, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; AY Berhie, Department of Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; AA Berihun, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; ANC Bermudez, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; E Bernabe, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.; RS Bernstein, Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Global Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; PJG Bettencourt, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa (Catholic University of Portugal), Sintra, Portugal; Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa (Catholic University of Portugal), Lisbon, Portugal.; AS Bhadoria, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Community Health Department, University of South Wales, South Wales, UK.; AS Bhagavathula, Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.; N Bhala, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; J Bhandari, Department of General Practice and Emergency Medicine, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal.; K Bhangdia, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; R Bharadwaj, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.; S Bhaskar, Global Health Neurology Lab, NSW Brain Clot Bank, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Division of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.; AN Bhat, Department of General Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; A Bhat, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India.; V Bhat, Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.; P Bhattacharjee, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.; S Bhattacharjee, School of Sport & Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK; Department of Public Health Research, Bengal Rural Welfare Service (BRWS), Kolkata, India.; GK Bhatti, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.; JS Bhatti, Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; MS Bhatti, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.; R Bhatti, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.; SS Bhuyan, Department of Health Administration, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.; SK Biadgilign, Independent Consultant, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; R Bievel-Radulescu, Fondazione Banca Degli Occhi Del Veneto, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Venice, Italy.; C Bilgin, TAF Uludag Winter Training Center, Turkish Ministry of Defence, Bursa, Turkiye.; C Bilgin, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.; S Biroudian, Medical Ethics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; C Bisignano, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Biswas, Department of Neurology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital, Kolkata, India.; B Biswas, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India.; RK Biswas, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Clinical Research Centre, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; AN Bitar, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut, Malaysia.; M Bitew, Health Biotechnology Directorate at Bio and Emerging Technology Institute, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; B Bizzozero-Peroni, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Physical Education and Health, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay.; E Bjertness, Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; FM Blyth, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; T Bodhare, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Tamil Nadu, India.; V Bodolica, School of Business Administration, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; M Bodur, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkiye.; L Bohn, Faculty of Psychology, Education, and Sport, University Lusofona, Porto, Portugal; Research Centre for Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; R Bokota, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; OA Bolarinwa, Global Healthcare Management, York University, London, UK; Demography and Population Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; SR Bolla, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.; P Bolourinejad, Ophthalmology Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; A Bonny, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon; Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Montfermeil (Montfermeil Hospital Center), Montfermeil, France.; SH Boppana, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; B Bora Basara, General Directorate of Health Information Systems, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkiye.; S Bordbar, Department of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Borhany, Internal Medicine Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Botero Carvajal, Facultad de Salud (Faculty of Health), Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.; S Bouaoud, Department of Medicine, University Ferhat Abbas of Setif, Setif, Algeria; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Saadna Abdenour, Setif, Algeria.; S Boufous, Transport and Road Safety (TARS) Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; RRA Bourne, Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.; C Boxe, Department of Earth, Environment, and Equity, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.; MM Bozic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; University Eye Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia.; J Brahmaiah, Department of Pathology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Chittoor, Chittoor, India.; D Braithwaite, Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Cancer Population Sciences Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.; NJK Breitborde, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.; H Brenner, Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.; ED Brewer, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; G Britton, CEVAXIN, Panama City, Panama; Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services, Panama City, Panama.; J Brown, Department of Injury, The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; AJ Browne, The Malaria Atlas Project, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.; T Brugha, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.; C Buchweitz, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Child & Adolescent Research Program, Programa de Depressão na Infância e na Adolescência, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; R Bugiardini, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; LP Bui, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam; Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Vietnam.; NB Bulamu, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; TS Bunare, Department of Environmental Health, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; D Buonsenso, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS (Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Global Health Research Institute, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of Sacred Heart), Rome, Italy.; A Burhan, School of Nursing, Universitas Harapan Bangsa (National Hope University), Banyumas, Indonesia.; K Burkart, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; RA Burns, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.; F Busch, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; R Busse, Department of Health Care Management, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Y Bustanji, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; ZA Butt, School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.; C Buxbaum, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; S C J, JSS Dental College & Hospital, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India.; J Cagney, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; T Cai, Department of Sociology, University of Macau, Macau, China.; R Cairns, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales Poisons Information Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Çakmak Barsbay, Faculty of Health Sciences Healthcare Management Department, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkiye.; D Calina, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.; LA Cámera, Department of Internal and Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Board of Directors, Argentine Society of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; LA Campos, Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Anhembi Morumbi University, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil.; I Campos-Nonato, Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.; F Cao, Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing, China.; Y Cao, Department of Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.; A Capodici, Unit of Hygiene and Public Health, Romagna Local Health Authority, Forlì-Cesena, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Health Science, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.; R Cárdenas, Department of Health Care, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico City, Mexico.; S Carr, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; G Carreras, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy.; JJ Carrero, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; A Carter, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Carugno, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.; AF Carvalho, IMPInstitute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.; AP Carvalho-E-Silva, Education Center of Australia, Health Science College, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Health Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; JM Castaldelli-Maia, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; CA Castañeda-Orjuela, Public Health Department, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia; Epidemiology and Public Health Evaluation Group, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia.; G Castelpietra, Division of Country Health Policies and Systems (CPS), World Health Organisation, Trieste, Italy; Mental Health Flagship, World Health Organization (WHO), Copenhagen, Denmark.; AL Catapano, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; MultiMedica Sesto San Giovanni IRCCS, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy.; MS Cattaruzza, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.; A Caye, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; CR Cederroth, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; L Cegolon, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Public Health Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy.; F Cembranel, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.; M Cenderadewi, College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Department of Public Health, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia.; KM Cercy, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; E Cerin, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; S Cerrai, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Council of Research, Pisa, Italy.; M Cevik, Infection and Global Health Research, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK; Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.; M Chakkere Shivamadhu, Department of Biochemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; C Chakraborty, Department of Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India; Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.; PA Chakraborty, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; S Chakraborty, State Disease Investigation Laboratory, Animal Resources Development Department, Agartala, India.; JS Chandan, Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; RM Chandika, Clinical Nutrition Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; M Chandradasa, Department of Psychiatry, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; University Psychiatry Unit, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka.; EK Chandrasekar, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.; JC Chang, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; VK Chattu, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Semey Medical University (SMU), Semey, Kazakhstan; Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi, India.; V Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou, Department of Endocrinology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.; LD Chau, Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; S Chaudhuri, Department of Public Health, Indian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, India.; A Chaurasia, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.; GB Chemeda, EPI, Oromia Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; AT Chen, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.; CS Chen, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; G Chen, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.; H Chen, Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia.; H Chen, Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; H Chen, Science and Technology Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China.; J Chen, Department of Urology, Academy of Medical Science, Kunming, China.; MX Chen, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; S Chen, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.; S Chen, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; X Chen, Department of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.; Y Chen, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; H Cheng, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.; KC Cheung, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; NW Chew, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; G Chi, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; JH Chien, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Tanzih, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan.; O Chimed-Ochir, Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.; PR Ching, Division of Infectious Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.; JL Chirinos-Caceres, Department of Public Health, Administration, and Social Sciences, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru.; CG Chisari, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'GF Ingrassia' University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; WCS Cho, Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.; B Chong, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; YY Chong, The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; HI Chou, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; EK Chowdhury, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; MAK Chowdhury, Department of Public Health, Asian University for Women, Chittagong, Bangladesh.; H Christensen, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; SWM Christensen, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Physiotherapy, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark.; DT Chu, The Interdisciplinary Research Group on Biomedicine and Health, VNU International School, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, VNU International School (VNUIS), Hanoi, Vietnam.; IS Chukwu, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria.; E Chung, Department of Urology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Department of AndroUrology, AndroUrology Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; E Chung, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; SC Chung, Department of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK; Health Data Research UK, London, UK.; S Chung, Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.; M Chutiyami, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; AFG Cicero, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; LG Ciobanu, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; RM Cogen, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; AJ Cohen, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Health Effects Institute, Boston, MA, USA.; A Columbus, Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; J Conde, Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; SE Congly, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; N Conrad, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; S Conti, General Administration, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; MO Corda, National School of Public Health, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Almada, Portugal.; A Corlateanu, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova.; S Cortese, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.; PA Cortesi, Research Center on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Laboratory of Public Health, Instituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS (Italian Auxological Institute), Milan, Italy.; C Cosma, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.; E Cousin, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; EJ Cowart, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; MH Criqui, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.; A Crist, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; JA Cruz, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; N Cruz-Martins, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; X Cui, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.; GT Culbreth, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; N Dababo, Research Department, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.; A Dabbagh, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; O Dadras, Research Center for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Health Statistics and Informatics, Northern Territory Government, Darwin, WA, Australia.; T Dahiru, Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; X Dai, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Z Dai, School of Pharmacy and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Dalakoti, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cardiovascular Metabolic Translational Research Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; K Dalal, Institute for Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden.; G Dalla Costa, Nutrition Department, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; G Damiani, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi (Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute IRCCS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; E D'Amico, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'GF Ingrassia' University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; YT Damtew, The University of Adelaide, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; RAA Daniel, Department of Community Medicine, Employees' State Insurance Model Hospital, Chennai, India.; L D'Anna, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.; P Danpanichkul, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.; SD Darcho, Department of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; LA Dardas, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; B Darouei, Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; R Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, Department of Environmental Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.; A Dastiridou, 2nd University Ophthalmology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Ophthalmology Department, University of Thessaly, Greece.; G Davey, Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK; School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; CA Dávila-Cervantes, Department of Population and Development, Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.; N Davis Weaver, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; D Davletov, Atchabarov Scientific-Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; K Davletov, Population Health Research Center, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; E Davoudi, biomedical and nutritional sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, lowell, MA, USA.; FP De la Hoz, Department of Public Health, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia.; K de Luca, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; NK DeCleene, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; EC Dee, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.; O Deegan, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; S Deekonda, Department of Pediatrics, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.; A Deen, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; L Degenhardt, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; P Dehesh, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; L Deitesfeld, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; TA Dejenie, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; P Delbari, Department of Neurosurgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Delsoz, Ophthalmology Department, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA.; D Demeke, Department of Physiology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; AK Demetriades, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Neurosurgery, National Health Service (NHS) Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.; DG Demsie, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; E Denova-Gutiérrez, Dirección de Nutrición, Salvador Zubiran National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico.; TN Derese, Research and Training Directorate, Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; I Dergaa, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia; Department of Social Sciences, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia.; HA Derseh, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; E Dervišević, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.; AA Desta, Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications 'G. Parenti' (DiSIA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.; VGC Devanbu, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India.; PK Devarakonda, Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.; SMR Dewan, Department of Pharmacy, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmacology Division, Center for Life Sciences Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; A Dhali, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.; K Dhama, Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.; RK Dhamija, Neurology Department Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.; AS Dhane, Research and Development Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.; NK Dhania, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.; ML Dhimal, Research Department, Planetary Health Research Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal; Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.; M Dhimal, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.; S Dhingra, Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hajipur, Hajipur, India.; B Dhungel, Population Interventions Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; M Di Pumpo, Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of the Sacred Heart), Rome, Italy.; D Dias da Silva, Escola Superior de Saúde (Higher School of Health), Instituto Politécnico do Porto (Polytechnic Institute of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; D Diaz, Public Health Intelligence Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.; LA Diaz, Department of Gastroenterology, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.; K Didehvar, Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.; LK Dillard, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.; A Dima, Faculty of Management, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; X Ding, Joe C. Wen School of Population & Public Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.; TE Dinkayehu, Department of Psychiatry, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; HP Do, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Ha Noi, Vietnam; Institute of Health Economics and Technology (iHEAT), Hanoi, Vietnam.; THP Do, Department of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam.; KG Dokova, Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organisation, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria.; C Dolecek, Oxford Centre for Global Health Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.; RV Dominguez, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; F Dondi, Nuclear Medicine Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia and Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.; M D'Oria, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy.; F Dorostkar, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; OP Doshi, Independent Consultant, Bridgewater, NJ, USA.; PMM Dourado, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Clínica Pró Coração, São Paulo, Brazil.; RK Dowou, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; MT Dresse, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; TR Driscoll, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; AC Dsouza, Department of Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.; VS Dsouza, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.; J Du, Department of Pathology, China Medical University, Liaoning, China.; J Dube, Office of Institutional Analysis, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.; EW Dumbili, School of Sociology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; SC Dumith, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande, Brazil.; J Dunne, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; AR Duraes, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health), Salvador, Brazil.; S Duraisamy, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.; OC Durojaiye, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; AK Dutta, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; AM Dziedzic, Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.; AR E'mar, Department of Pediatrics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; O Ebohon, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Michael and Cecilia Ibru University, Delta State, Nigeria.; E Eboreime, Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; LLM Ebraheim, Histology Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.; A Ebrahimi, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.; MH Ebrahimi, Environmental and Occupational Health Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.; S Ebrahimi, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Ed-Dra, Higher School of Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco.; EG Edelduok, Department of Zoology, University of Uyo, Ikot Akpaden, Nigeria.; K Edvardsson, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.; F Efendi, Advanced Nursing Department, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia; La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; B Eftekhari, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; F Eghbali, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Ehsani, Semnan University of Medical Sciences and Health, Samara University, Semnan, Iran.; A Eighaei Sedeh, Isenberg School of Management, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; TA Eikemo, Centre for Global Health Inequalities Research (CHAIN), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.; E Eini, Private Orthodontist, Ahvaz, Iran.; M Ekholuenetale, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK.; TC Ekundayo, Department of Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; RA El Arab, Almoosa College of Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.; A El Omri, Surgical Research Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; M El Sayed Zaki, Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; MA Eladl, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; R Elahi, Department of Radiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S El-Ashker, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; R Elbeshbeishy, College of Medicine, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; NM Elemam, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; GMT ElGohary, Department of Internal Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Section of Adult Hematology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; M Elhadi, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.; M Elhoumed, National Institute of Public Health Research, Ministry of Health, Nouakchott, Mauritania.; W El-Huneidi, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; S Elkannishy, Department of Toxicology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Faculty of Applied Health Science, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt.; OAA Elmeligy, Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.; R Elmorsi, MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; AB Elmoselhi, Basic Medical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; MH Elnaem, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK.; G ELNahas, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Executive Committee, International Association for Women Mental Health, Potomac, MD, USA.; M Elshaer, Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; I Elsohaby, Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Animal Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.; ASA Eltahawy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhur, Egypt.; T Emagneneh, Department of Midwifery, Woldia University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; TI Emeto, Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.; VO Emojevwe, Department of Physiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; D Endeshaw, Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; M Endriyas, Health Research and Technology Transfer Directorate, South Ethiopia Region Public Health Institute, Jinka, Ethiopia; Department of Public Health, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.; HE Erskine, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; CI Esezobor, Department of Paediatrics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Paediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.; D Eshetu, Goba College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Robe, Ethiopia.; HB Eshetu, Department of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; G Eshun, Wassa Amenfi East Municipal Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, Wassa Akropong, Ghana.; S Eskandarieh, Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Eslami, Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Scinces, Semnan, Iran.; RCD Espírito Santo, Health Research and Innovation Science Centre, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania.; F Esposito, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; K Estep, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; CAM Estrada, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; FN Eva, Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; E Ezenwankwo, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; AO Fadaka, Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.; H Fadavian, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.; AF Fagbamigbe, Research Centre for Healthcare and Community, Coventry University, Coventry, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; A Fahim, Department of Oral Biology, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.; IR Fakhradiyev, Director of the Scientific and Technological Park, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; A Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.; Q Fan, Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.; M Farahmand, Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; EJA Faraon, Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; M Fareed, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India.; Z Farhana, Division of Statistics, Bangladesh Bank, Sylhet, Bangladesh.; CSES Farinha, Environmental Statistics Unit, National Institute of Statistics, Lisbon, Portugal; Ecological Economics and Environmental Management, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; MEM Faris, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; A Faro, Department of Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.; SMY Farooq, Department of Radiography and Imaging Technology, Green International University, Lahore, Pakistan.; U Farooque, Department of Family Medicine, Luton & Dunstable University Hospital, Luton, UK.; H Farrokhpour, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Farshad, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Farsi, Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MO Faruk, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Community-based Inclusive Mental Health Department, Centre for Disability in Development (CDD), Dhaka, Bangladesh.; FO Fasina, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Animal Production and Health Division (EMPRES), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.; MM Fasina, Charité University Berlin, Charité Medical University Berlin (Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin), Berlin, Germany.; ET Fasusi, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University System of Georgia, Statesboro, GA, USA; Pharmacy Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; A Fatehizadeh, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.; D Fathi, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.; Z Fatima, University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Fazlzadeh, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; L Fei, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; VL Feigin, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.; A Feizkhah, Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; G Fekadu, Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Pharmacy, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.; BE Feleke, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; D Feng, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.; K Feng, School of Acupuncture-Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.; X Feng, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; TR Ferdous, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.; SM Fereshtehnejad, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; R Fernandez-Jimenez, Cardiovascular Health and Imaging Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) (National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Research), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain.; P Ferrara, Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Laboratory of Public Health, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.; AJ Ferrari, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; A Ferreira, Ophthalmology, Hospital Center of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; N Ferreira, Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.; N Feter, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; A Finnemore, Medical School, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.; C Fiorilla, Department of Public Health, University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples, Italy.; F Fischer, Institute of Public Health, Charité Medical University Berlin (Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin), Berlin, Germany.; I Fitriana, Department of Pharmacology, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; LS Flor, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; F Fogacci, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; MO Folayan, Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.; M Fonzo, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.; LM Force, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Fornari, Department of Neurology, Public Health and Disability, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.; C Fornari, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; I Forthun, Department of Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.; D Fortuna, Emilia-Romagna Region - Innovation in Healthcare and Social Services Department, Bologna, Italy.; M Foschi, Department of Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.; M Fotouhi, Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; KR Fowobaje, Clinical Epidemiology Division (KEP), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; JV Foyet F, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.; RC Franklin, College of Medicine, Dentistry and Public Health, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.; A Freitas, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal.; J Fu, Department of Biostatistics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; N Fullman, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; B Fux, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.; S G, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India.; PA Gaal, Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Applied Social Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Târgu-Mureş, Romania.; DD Gadeka, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.; M Gajdács, Department of Public Health, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; Y Galali, Department of Food Technology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; S Gallus, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy.; D Ganapathy, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; S Gangachannaiah, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; MA Ganie, Department of Endocrinology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.; D Gao, Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.; X Gao, Department of Biostatistics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; B Garba, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Public Health, SIMAD University Mogadishu. Somalia, Mogadishu, Somalia.; FB Garcia, Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; V Garcia, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; M Garcia-Argibay, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; School of Medicine, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden.; D Garcia-Azorin, Department of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain.; WM Gardner, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; J Garlasco, Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.; Z Gatzioufas, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; P Gautam, Professional Services Division, Texas State Board of Pharmacy, Austin, TX, USA.; RK Gautam, Department of Pharmacology, IES Institute of Pharmacy, Bhopal, India.; F Gazzelloni, Independent Consultant, Rome, Italy.; FS Gebre, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; MW Gebregergis, Department of Midwifery, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.; HG Gebreslassie, School of Public Health, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.; S Gelibter, Department of Neurosciences, Neurology and Stroke Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.; NS George, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; A Gerami Matin, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; GK Getahun, Department of Public Health, Menelik II Medical and Health Science College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; KY Gete, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; DJ Ghadimi, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; K Ghadiri, Infectious Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pediatric Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; F Ghadirian, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Ghaffari Jolfayi, Department of Cardiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SH Ghamari, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Ghamkhar, Research Committee of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.; A Ghandili, Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; M Ghasemi, Neurology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MR Ghasemi, Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Ghasemi Assl, Department of Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; H Ghasrsaz, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran.; RM Ghazy, Tropical Health Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Family and Community Medicine Department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.; S Ghimire, Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.; N Ghith, Research Group for Childhood Cancer, Danish Cancer Research Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.; N Gholizadeh, Department of Dermatology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; E Ghotbi, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Gialluisi, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.; K Giannakis, GBD Collaborating Unit, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.; RM Gibson, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; AU Gil, Country Office, World Health Organization (WHO), Astana, Kazakhstan.; GF Gil, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; SA Gilani, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; NM Gilbertson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; TK Gill, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; TG Ginindza, Discipline of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.; BR Giri, Department of Zoology, KKS Women's College, Balasore, India.; AA Girmay, Department of Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia.; A Girombelli, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Ospedale SS Annunziata Savigliano, Savigliano, Italy.; EV Gnedovskaya, Third Department of Neurology, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.; L Göbölös, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; K Gohari, Department of Biostatistics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Quantitative Department, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran.; M Golechha, Department of Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India.; P Goleij, Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; A Golestani, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran.; D Golinelli, Department of Life Sciences, Health and Healthcare Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy; Health Services Research, Evaluation and Policy Unit, AUSL della Romagna, Ravenna, Italy.; M Golmohammadi, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; W Gong, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.; SV Gopalani, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; YA Goshu, Midwifery Department, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.; AC Goulart, Department of Epidemiology, Universidade de São Paulo (University of São Paulo), São Paulo, Brazil.; A Goyal, Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; A Grada, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Libertyville, IL, USA.; SM Graham, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Liverpool Orthopaedic and Trauma Service, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.; V Grieco, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'GF Ingrassia' University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; M Grivna, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; A Grover, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.; HA Guadie, Department of Health Informatics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; SY Guan, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.; Z Guan, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; G Guarducci, Health Direction, Local Health Authority of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.; MIM Gubari, Department of Clinical Science, University Of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.; A Guha, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.; DA Gunawardane, Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.; X Guo, Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.; Z Guo, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Z Guo, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.; Z Guo, Nanyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.; AK Gupta, Department of Nephrology, Max Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India; Non-communicable Diseases Division (NCD), Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.; H Gupta, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, VIC, Australia.; I Gupta, Independent Consultant, Bharatpur, India; Independent Consultant, Delhi, India.; L Gupta, Department of Anaesthesia, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.; RD Gupta, Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.; R Gupta, Department of Preventive Cardiology & Medicine, Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute, Jaipur, India; Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi University Medical Sciences, Jaipur, India.; S Gupta, Department of Toxicology, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi, India.; VB Gupta, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.; VK Gupta, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.; V Gupta, Department of Anthropology, Deemed University, Delhi, India.; VK Gupta, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; YD Guracho, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; L Gurmessa, Department of Nursing, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.; RA Gutiérrez, Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico.; RS Gutiérrez-Murillo, Doctoral Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; P Guttoo, Department of Population and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; J Guzman-Esquivel, Research Unit in Epidemiology Clinic, Mexican Institute of Social Segurity, Colima, Mexico.; A Habibzadeh, Neurosurgery Department, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; AT Habteyes, College of Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.; AD Habteyohannes, Department of Medical Microbiology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; TS Hadaro, Department of Midwifery, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.; NR Hadi, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.; Z Hadian, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Hafiz, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Epidemiology Programme, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.; F Haghdoost, The George Institute for Global health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; A Haghtalab, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.; H Hagins, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; D Haile, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; HE Hailu, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; P Halder, Department of Community Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India; Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; A Halimi, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Haller, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany; Department of Public Health, Charité Insitute of Public Health, Berlin, Germany.; KH Hama Aziz, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; IM Hamad, Department of Pharmacy, American University of Madaba, Amman, Jordan.; RR Hamadeh, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.; NM Hamdy, Biochemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; S Hameed, Department of Public Health, Green International University, Lahore, Pakistan.; EB Hamilton, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Hammoud, Department of Medical and Technical Information Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia.; M Hamza, Guthrie Medical Group, Guthrie Medical Group, Cortland, NY, USA.; US Hamza, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.; H Han, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; D Han Yekdeş, Edirne Public Health Center, Edirne Provincial Health Directorate, Edirne, Turkiye.; A Hanif, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkiye.; N Hanifi, Department of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; GJ Hankey, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders (Perron Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Stroke Research Centre, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia.; F Hanna, Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; A Haque, Department of Chemistry, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; MA Haque, Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MN Haque, Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.; H Harapan, Medical Research Unit, Universitas Syiah Kuala (Syiah Kuala University), Banda Aceh, Indonesia.; HL Harb, Vital and Health Statistics, Ministry of Health, Beirut, Lebanon; Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.; KL Harding, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, USA.; A Hargono, Department of Epidemiology Population Biostatistics and Health Promotion, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia.; AMA Hariandja, Directorate General of Health Human Resources, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia.; JM Haro, Research Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain.; AA Harris, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; EMM Has, Department of Advanced Nursing, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.; AI Hasaballah, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.; F Hasan, Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.; MK Hasan, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tejgaon College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; H Hasani, Department of Ophthalmology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Hasanpour-Dehkordi, Department of Medical Surgical, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; A Hashem Zadeh, Institute of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; institute of radiology and radiological sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; MH Hashempur, Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; NT Hashim, Department of Periodontics, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.; A Hasnain, Department of Biotechnology, Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.; A Hassan, Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; IN Hassan, Department of Medicine, University of Khartoum Faculty of Medicine, Khartoum, Sudan.; I Hassan, Department of Community Medicine, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nigeria.; N Hassan, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; MS Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Hassani, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MB Hassen, Department Health Metrics Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; National Data Management Center, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; LW Hathagoda, Department of Paediatrics, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Paediatric Professorial Unit, Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; RJ Havmoeller, Skaane University Hospital, Skaane County Council, Malmö, Sweden.; A Hawat, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.; K Hayat, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China.; Y Hbid, UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research & Technology Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; J He, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; J He, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Fengtai Hospital, Beijing, China.; JJ Hebert, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada; School of Allied Health, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.; M Heidari, Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; M Hemmati, Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.; CA Henson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; ME Herbert, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; C Herteliu, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; A Heuer, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; SA Hewage, Australian Centre for Health Service Innovations, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; M Heydari, Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Z Heydarifard, Department of Virology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.; K Hezam, Department of Microbiology, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.; Y Hiraike, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.; R Holla, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; J Hon, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Hossain, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.; L Hossain, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MB Hossain, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; MM Hossain, Department of Decision and Information Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Public Health Research Group, Nature Study Society of Bangladesh, Khulna, Bangladesh.; MS Hossain, Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.; MB Hossain, Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; H Hosseinzadeh, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.; M Hosseinzadeh, School of Engineering and Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; Jadara Research Center, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan.; M Hostiuc, Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.; S Hostiuc, Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Clinical Legal Medicine, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania.; JA Houser, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; MNN Htay, Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Community Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia.; C Hu, Department of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.; Y Hu, Maternal Care and Child Health Department, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.; J Huang, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; W Huang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.; Y Huang, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; MH Huda, Pediatric Nursing Department, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.; AI Human, East Manggarai Regency Health Office, Ministry of Health, Borong, Indonesia.; KM Humphrey, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; K Hushmandi, Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AK Husøy, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.; J Hussain, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; MA Hussain, Department of Finance and Economics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Social Sciences and Business, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.; S Hussain, Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.; D Hussein, Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Head, Salale University, Gerba Guracha, Ethiopia.; NR Hussein, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Zakho, Zakho, Iraq.; MI Husseiny, Artur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA; Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.; HH Huynh, International Master Program for Translational Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; BF Hwang, Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taiwan, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taiwan, Taichung, Taiwan.; LF Iannone, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.; A Ibrahim, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alexandria University, Charleston, SC, USA.; KS Ibrahim, Department of Biology, University of Zakho, Zakho, Iraq.; R Ibrahim, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA.; R Ibrahim, Genetics and Molecular Biology Department, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; A Ibrayeva, Science and Technology Park, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; FJ Idalsoaga, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Departamento de Gastroenterologia (Department of Gastroenterology), Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.; PM Iftikhar, Health Policy and Management Department, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.; AL Ihler, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; N Ikeda, Center for Nutritional Epidemiology and Policy Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Settsu, Japan.; A Ikiroma, Collaborative Alliance Research and Education (CARE) Programme, Episcope Research Service, Aberdeen, Scotland.; J Ikram, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; OS Ilesanmi, West Africa RCC, Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; IM Ilic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; MD Ilic, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.; MH Ilyas, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; MT Imam, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.; M Imani, Department of Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Immurana, Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; LC Imoh, Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Pathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.; LR Inbaraj, Department of Health Research, ICMR National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.; A Inok, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.; M Iqbal, Department of Psychology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.; LM Irham, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; MA Isa, Department of Microbiology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.; DMS Islam, Journal of Biological Sciences and Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh; College of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK.; MR Islam, School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MS Islam, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; F Islami, Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.; F Ismail, Clinical Laboratory Department, Tobruk University, Tobruk, Libya; Department of Blood Transmitted Diseases, National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Tobruk, Libya.; NE Ismail, Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology, Bedong, Malaysia; Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy, Puchong, Malaysia.; Y Ismoldayev, Department of Urology, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; H Iso, Public Health Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.; G Isola, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; MC Ituka, Department of Medicine, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon.; M Iwagami, Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.; CJ Iwu-Jaja, Department of Global Health, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; IO Iyamu, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Knowledge Translation Program, Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; M Iyer, Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India.; VJ Iyer, Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Gandhinagar, India.; V J, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India.; J Jaafari, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; L Jacob, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Research and Development Unit, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Barcelona, Spain.; KH Jacobsen, Department of Health Studies, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, USA.; A Jadidi, Department of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.; F Jadidi-Niaragh, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; M Jafarinia, Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; S Jaffar, UCL Institute for Global Health, University of London, London, UK.; H Jahrami, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain.; AA Jairoun, Department of Health and Safety, Dubai Municipality, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.; V Jaiswal, Department of Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA; Department of Medicine, AMA School of Medicine, Makati, Philippines.; M Jakovljevic, UNESCO-TWAS Section of Economic & Social Sciences, Humanities & Arts, The World Academy of Sciences UNESCO-TWAS, Trieste, Italy; Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China.; A Jaliliyan, Department of Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Jalilzadeh Yengejeh, Department of Environmental Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.; M Jalloh, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Jamal, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; QMS Jamal, Department of Health Informatics, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.; J Jamaluddin, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; J James, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.; TG James, Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; H Jamil, Division of Population Data Science, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.; S Jamil, Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Public and Community Health, Frontier University Garowe, Puntland, Somalia.; RDG Jamora, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; Institute for Neurosciences, St. Luke's Medical Center, Bonifacio Global City, Philippines.; M Jamshidi, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; S JamshidiRastabi, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; R Janardhanan, Division of Medical Research, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.; E Jarrahi, Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Royan Institution, Tehran, Iran.; SS Javaid, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.; A Javanmardi, Karolinska Institutet Campus Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; J Javidnia, Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Medical Mycology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; T Jawaid, Department of Pharmacology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Q Jawell Odah Abed, Department of Nursing, Middle Technical University of Kut Technical Institute, Baghdad, Iraq.; RD Jayasinghe, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; YA Jayasinghe, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; Department of Research, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.; AU Jayatilleke, Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Faculty of Graduate Studies, Institute for Violence and Injury Prevention, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; K Jazi, Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; FK Jebasingh, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC), Vellore, India; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; SH Jee, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.; J Jeganathan, Department of General Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; TH Jember, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; BH Jena, Department of Epidemiology, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.; D Jena, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, India.; S Jeong, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; M Jessri, Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; BM Jeswani, Department of Internal Medicine, GCS Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India.; V Jha, The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; Z Ji, Department of Public Health, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.; M Jiang, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; W Jin, Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China.; W Jin, Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; CO Johnson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; EK Johnson, Danish Center for Health Economics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.; M Jokar, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.; JB Jonas, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Institut Français de Myopie, Paris, France; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.; T Joo, Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Hungarian Health Management Association, Budapest, Hungary.; A Jor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; A Joseph, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; A Joseph, School of Public Health, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Chennai, India.; N Joseph, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; CE Joshua, Department of Economics, National Open University, Benin City, Nigeria.; F Joukar, Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; G Joy, Nursing & Midwifery Research Department (NMRD), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; JJ Jozwiak, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.; M Jürisson, Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.; ME Juweid, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; M K, School of Public Health, National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.; B Kaambwa, Health Economics Unit, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; Z Kabir, Research Department, TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; DHH Kadir, Department of Statistics, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Business Administrations, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; EM Kahn, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; AK Kakkar, Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.; LR Kalankesh, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; K Kalavani, Department of Health, Khoy Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran.; F Kaliyadan, Department of Dermatology, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.; A Kaliyakparova, Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Almaty, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; S Kalra, Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital Karnal, Karnal, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.; MM Kamal, Canberra Business School, University of Canberra, Hawker, ACT, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Kamal, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.; SK Kamarajah, NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; R Kamath, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.; S Kamenova, Department of General Medical Practice No. 2, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; A Kamireddy, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; RT Kamorudeen, Department of Public Health, South Wales University, Treforest, UK.; O Kamyshnyi, Microbiology, Virology and Immunology Department, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.; H Kan, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.; M Kanaan, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.; SF Kanaan, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; J Kang, School of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; SB Kankam, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; KK Kanmodi, Department of Research, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Office of the Executive Director, Cephas Health Research Initiative Inc, Ibadan, Nigeria.; S Kannan, MS Ramaiah Memorial Hospital, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Banglore, India.; S Kannan S, Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College and Hospital Chennai, Chennai, India.; RS Kantar, The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA; Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery Division, Global Smile Foundation, Norwood, MA, USA.; N Kapoor, Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science Nagpur, Nagpur, India.; SK Kar, Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.; P Karakasis, 2nd Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; RA Karasneh, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.; H Karimi, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Karimi Behnagh, Endocrine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Echocardiography, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Karkhah, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; MI Karobari, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; TM Karpiński, Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.; MK Kashyap, Amity Stem Cell Institute (ASCI), Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, India.; AW Kaso, College of Health Science, Department of Public Health, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia.; H Kasraei, Eye Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; NA Kassaw, Department of Reproductive, Family and Population Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; A Katamreddy, Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; PD Katoto, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Centre for Tropical Diseases and Global Health, Catholic University of Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.; JH Kauppila, Surgery Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; GA Kayode, International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria; Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.; N Kazemi Rad, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MH Keivanlou, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; PN Keiyoro, Open, Distance and eLearning Campus, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; C Keke, Center for Tobacco Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.; JH Kempen, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Eye Unit, MyungSung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; S Kerai, Center of Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.; VR Keshri, Jindal School of Public Health and Human Development, O. P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Sonipat, India; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; K Keshtkar, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.; E Kesse-Guyot, Department of Human Nutrition of INRAE, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, Paris, France; Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France.; R Khademi, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; YS Khader, Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; IK Khaing, Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.; H Khajuria, Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India.; S Khalid, Lahore Medical Research Center, Lahore Medical Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan.; S Khalid-Ariturk, College of Health Professions, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA.; HO Khalifa, Department of Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.; AH Khalifeh, Department of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan.; AA Khalil, University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Khalil, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Khalili, Department of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; P Khalili, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; G Khalili-Tanha, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; M Khalis, Department of Public Health, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation, Rabat, Morocco; Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Rabat, Morocco.; F Khamesipour, Food and Drug Research Center, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Tehran, Iran.; AA Khan, NITVAR, Indian Council of Medical Research, Pune, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), India, Ghaziabad, India.; A Khan, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; A Khan, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; FU Khan, Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.; M Khan, Epidemiology Program, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; MAS Khan, Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MI Khan, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.; MJ Khan, BD Statistics Center for Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MH Khan, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.; MM Khan, Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies (CAPS), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering (MechE), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; MU Khan, Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.; MU Khan, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; N Khan, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.; R Khan, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.; SA Khan, Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.; S Khan, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.; S Khan, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBSc), Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; YS Khan, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; Z Khan, Department of Cardiology, University of South Wales, Treforest, UK; Department of Cardiology, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK.; S Khanal, Central Department of zoology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.; V Khanal, Department of Health, Nepal Development Society, Chitwan, Nepal; Department of Preventable Non Communicable Disease, Menzies School of Health Research, Alice Springs, NT, Australia.; S Khanmohammadi, Department of Epidemiology, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SU Khasbage, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India.; Z Khashim, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; K Khatab, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK; College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Zanesville, OH, USA.; H Khatatbeh, Faculty of Nursing, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.; MM Khatatbeh, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.; K Khatri, Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Sangrur, India.; HR Khayat Kashani, Department of Neurosurgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Khazaei, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran.; P Kheirandish Zarandi, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.; SK Khokhar, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; MS Khonji, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; NSH Khoshnaw, University of Sulaimani College of Medicine, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; AA Khosla, Department of Internal Medicine, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, FL, USA.; F Khosravi, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Cardiothoracic Imaging Section, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; M Khosrowjerdi, Research Department, University of Inland Norway, Elverum, Norway.; PR Khuman, Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Anand, India.; H Khusun, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka, Jakarta, Indonesia; Program Division, SEAMEO Regional Center for Food and Nutrition, Jakarta, Indonesia.; ZD Kifle, Department of Pharmacology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; HJ Kim, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.; J Kim, Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; MS Kim, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.; S Kim, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea.; RW Kimokoti, Health and Healing Research, Education, and Service, Inc., Boston, MA, USA; Millennium Prevention, Inc., Westwood, MA, USA.; Y Kinfu, The Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; M Kirk, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Kisa, School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway; Department of International Health and Sustainable Development, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.; S Kisa, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.; K Kissimova-Skarbek, Department of Health Economics and Social Security, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.; M Kivimäki, Department of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; J Klusty, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; AB Km, Department of Community Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.; S Km, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, India.; AKS Knudsen, Centre for Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.; N Kobyliak, Endocrinology Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine; Scientific Department, Medical Laboratory CSD, Kyiv, Ukraine.; JM Kocarnik, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; S Kochhar, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Global Healthcare Consulting, New Delhi, India.; M Kokkorakis, Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; AA Kolahi, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; DG Kolieghu Tcheumeni, Mycobacteriology Unit, Center for Health Promotion and Research, Bamenda, Cameroon.; F Kompani, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Kondybayeva, Scientific and Educational Center for Neurology and Applied Neuroscience, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; AGP Konstas, Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; I Koomson, Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; G Koren, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.; T Kormoker, Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; O Korzh, Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine.; K Kostev, Department of Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; K Kotsis, Department of Psychiatry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.; A Koul, Amity institute of Public Health and Hospital administration, Amity University Noida, Noida, India.; PA Koul, Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India.; SL Koulmane Laxminarayana, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India.; IA Kretchy, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.; JP Kretchy, Department of Public Health, Central University, Accra, Ghana; Central University, Accra, Ghana.; K Krishan, Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.; CH Kua, School of Applied Science, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore.; A Kuanar, Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India.; B Kuate Defo, Department of Demography, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.; RAH Kuchay, Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Jammu and Kashmir, India.; B Kucuk Bicer, Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye.; M Kuddus, Department of Biochemistry, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; I Kuitunen, Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; O Kujan, Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.; A Kujur, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Ranchi, India.; M Kulimbet, Research and Publication Activity Division, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Center of Medicine and Public Health, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; V Kulkarni, Department of Medicine, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; S Kulshreshtha, Amity Centre for Water Studies and Research, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.; D Kumar, Department of Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India.; D Kumar, SRM Centre for Clinical Trials and Research (CCTR), Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.; J Kumar, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.; M Kumar, Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; N Kumar, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Hajipur, India.; N Kumar, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; R Kumar, College of Public Health & Health Informatics, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; SK Kumar, Gastroenterology Department, Ahalia Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Allied Health Sciences, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.; T Kumar, Department of Anaesthesiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India.; V Kumar, Department of Economics, Manipal University, Jaipur, Jaipur, India.; S Kumaran, IITM Pravartak Technologies Foundation, Chennai, India.; J Kunjavara, Nursing & Midwifery Research Department (NMRD), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; SK Kunutsor, Section of Cardiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; A Kurmanova, Department of Clinical Subjects, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; OP Kurmi, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; MD Kurniasari, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana (Satya Wacana Christian University), Salatiga, Indonesia; School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; KP Kurpad, Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA.; PK Kushawaha, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; A Kusnali, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia.; CY Kustanti, Institute for Health Sciences, STIKES Bethesda Yakkum Yogyakarta Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; D Kusuma, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.; T Kutluk, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Medicana Health International, Istanbul, Turkiye; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye.; A Kuttybayev, Department of Public Health, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; MA Kwarteng, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.; WHP Kwong, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; EF Kyei, Department of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.; GK Kyei, Department of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.; V Kytö, Clinical Research Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Heart Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; HH Kyu, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; P L C, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; A La Vecchia, Pediatric Emergency Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy.; C La Vecchia, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.; MA Ladan, Department of Nursing Science, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.; L Laflamme, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.; C Lahariya, Division of Evidence Synthesis, Foundation for People-centric Health Systems, New Delhi, India; Division of Lifestyle Medicine, Centre for Health: The Specialty Practice, New Delhi, India.; DTC Lai, School of Digital Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (University of Brunei Darussalam), Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei; Institute of Applied Data Analytics, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (University of Brunei Darussalam), Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.; A Lakhani, Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India.; DK Lal, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.; R Lalloo, School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; T Lallukka, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; J Lám, Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; NEVES Society for Patient Safety, Budapest, Hungary.; I Landires, Unidad de Genética y Salud Pública, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas, Las Tablas, Panama; Ministry of Health, Hospital Joaquín Pablo Franco Sayas, Las Tablas, Panama.; B Langguth, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.; A Laplante-Lévesque, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.; S Lasrado, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India.; K Latief, Centre for Family Welfare, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia; Department of Global Health and Health Security, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; KKL Lau, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; BK Lawal, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria.; BK Lawal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; SA Lawal, Health Systems, Administration and Management, Babcock University, Sagamu, Nigeria; Health Services Management Programme, Plasma University, Mogadishu, Somalia.; A Lawan, School of Physical Therapy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.; HLS Lawford, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; HR Lawlor, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; DQ Le, Faculty of Medicine, Nam Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam.; DH Le, PhD Program in Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.; HH Le, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Department of Cardiovascular Research, Methodist Hospital, Merrillville, IN, USA.; LKD Le, Health Economics Division, Monash University, Burwood, VIC, Australia.; MHN Le, International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; NHH Le, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Department of Cardiovascular Research, Methodist Hospital, Merrillville, IN, USA.; TTT Le, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; TDT Le, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Independent Consultant, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; C Ledda, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; HA Lee, Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.; SW Lee, Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.; WC Lee, Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.; YH Lee, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; J Leigh, Asbestos and Dust Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; V Leivaditis, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Westpfalz Klinikum, Kaiserslautern, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.; MJ Lennon, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Leonardi, SC Neurologia, Salute Pubblica e Disabilità (Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.; E Leong, Faculty of Science, (Universiti Brunei Darussalam) University of Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.; J Leung, National Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; C Li, School of Public Health and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.; H Li, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.; H Li, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.; J Li, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; J Li, The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; J Li, Global Health Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.; J Li, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.; MC Li, Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.; P Li, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; S Li, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; WZ Li, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; W Li, First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.; W Li, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; W Li, Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; W Li, Department of Radiation Oncology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; X Li, Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.; Y Li, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China.; Y Li, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.; Z Li, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.; Z Li, Tsinghua Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; Y Lian, Discipline of Physiology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.; XZ Liang, First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.; SS Lim, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; J Lin, International Centre for Future Health Systems, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Q Lin, WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.; RT Lin, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taiwan, Taichung, Taiwan; Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia.; Y Lin, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.; D Lindholm, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Norrtälje Hospital (Tiohundra), Norrtälje, Sweden.; C Linehan, UCD Centre for Disability Studies, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; Y Ling, Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; G Liu, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; H Liu, Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.; J Liu, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China.; X Liu, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China.; X Liu, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; X Liu, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Quantitative Health Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; Y Liu, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Y Liu, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; E Llanaj, Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Potsdam, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.; MJ Loftus, Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; V Lohner, Department of Cardiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; JF López-Gil, School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador; Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.; PD Lopukhov, Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; S Lorkowski, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Jena, Germany.; M Lotfizadeh, Department of Community Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; S Luan, Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Qingdao, China.; J Lubinda, Geospatial Health and Development Team-Child Health Analytics, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia; Scientific Research and Surveillance Systems, Macha Research Trust, Choma, Zambia.; T Lucas, Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; G Lucchetti, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.; A Lugo, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy.; R Lunevicius, Department of Emergency General and Trauma Surgery, NHS University Hospitals of Liverpool Group, Aintree Hospital, Liverpool, UK.; P Luo, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; JB Lusk, Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.; AM Lutambi, Dodoma Medical Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research in Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania.; R Lutzky Saute, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.; MD Lytras, College of Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Management of Information Systems Department, The American College of Greece, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.; E Lytvyak, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.; HI M Amin, Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; KS Ma, Center for Global Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; ZF Ma, Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.; M Mabrok, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, King Salman International University, South of Sinai, Egypt.; IE Machado, Department of Family Medicine, Mental and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Ouro Preto, Brazil.; F Madadi, Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SA Madinezad, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; C Madsen, Department of Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.; AM Madureira-Carvalho, Associate Laboratory i4HB, University Institute of Health Sciences (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal; UCIBIO Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, University Institute of Health Sciences, Gandra, Portugal.; M Magdy Abd El Razek, Ophthalmology Department, Ministry of Health & Population, Aswan, Egypt.; AA Maghazachi, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; DR Mahadeshwara Prasad, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Mysore Medical College & Research Institute, Mysooru, India; Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Karnataka, Bangalore, India.; S Mahalingam, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Science, Puducherry, Puducherry, India.; M Mahalleh, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; NH Mahmood, Research Center, Cihan University-Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; A Mahmoudi, Department of Ophthalmology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Mahmoudi, Neurology Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.; MT Mai, Institute of Health Science, Nam Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam.; R Maiti, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.; A Majeed, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; KCC Makris, Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.; MR Malekpour, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Malekzadeh, Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; HS Malhotra, Department of Neurology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.; AA Malik, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; F Malik, University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; T Malik, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.; DC Malta, Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; AA Mamun, Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; M Mangdow, University of Kansas Medical Center, A.T. Still University, Kansas City, KS, USA.; L Manjani, Internal Medicine Department, MedStar Health, Washington, DC, USA.; Y Manla, Internal Medicine Department, Eisenhower Health, Palm Desert, CA, USA.; K Mannethodi, Corporate Nursing and Midwifery Research Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; F Mansoor, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.; M Mansourian, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Barcelona Tech - UPC), Barcelona, Spain.; MA Mansournia, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AM Mantilla Herrera, West Moreton Hospital Health Services, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; LG Mantovani, Laboratory of Public Health, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; C Mao, Department of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.; T Maqbool, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; S Maqsood, Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; HR Marateb, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; Automatic Control Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Barcelona Tech - UPC), Barcelona, Spain.; JC Maravilla, Far Eastern University, Manila, Philippines; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; K Margetis, Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.; M Marino, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.; A Marques, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; RV Martin, Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.; G Martinez, Department of Economics, Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico (Autonomous Technology Institute of Mexico), Mexico City, Mexico.; BA Martinez-Guerra, Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (Salvador Zubiran National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition), Mexico City, Mexico.; R Martinez-Piedra, Department of Non-communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.; D Martini, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.; FR Martins-Melo, Campus Fortaleza, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.; M Martorell, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.; W März, Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Medical Clinic V, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.; RR Marzo, Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Sarawak, Malaysia; Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.; S Marzouk, Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; S Masi, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.; CN Matei, Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Board of Directors, Association of Resident Physicians, Bucharest, Romania.; Y Mathangasinghe, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy, Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; S Mathieson, University of Sydney, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; AG Mathioudakis, Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; North West Lung Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.; MR Mathur, Health Policy Research, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India; Institute of Population Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.; M Mathur, Department of Community Medicine, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital in Udaipur India, Udaipur, India.; FP Matozinhos, Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; R Mattiello, Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; KA Mattoo, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; RJ Maude, Department of Epidemiology, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; PK Maulik, Research Division, The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India; School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; ML May, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; M Mayeli, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; M Mazaheri, Department of Social Medicine and Family, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.; A Mazzotti, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Orthopedic Trauma Pathology Department, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy.; CNP Mbachu, Department of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria.; II Mbachu, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.; M McKee, Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.; SA McLaughlin, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; SM McPhail, Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Digital Health and Informatics Directorate, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; EA Mechili, Department of Healthcare, University of Vlora, Vlora City, Albania; Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.; RP Mediratta, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; J Meena, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; E Meftah, Amir Oncology Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; M Mehari, Department of Epidemiology, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.; A Mehmood, Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; MM Mehndiratta, Neurology Department, Janakpuri Super Specialty Hospital Society, New Delhi, India; Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India.; E Mehrabi Nasab, Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; KM Mehta, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; V Mehta, Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil University, Pune, India.; S Mehto, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad, India.; T Meier, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Economics (INL), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany; Office of Innovation, Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle, Germany.; T Mekene Meto, Department of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.; HN Meles, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.; EB Melese, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; S Melwani, Department of General Practice, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; A Memetova, Health Care Authority, Olympia, WA, USA.; W Mendoza, Dirección General de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (DGIDI), Universidad Científica del Sur (University of the South), Lima, Peru.; GA Menezes, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Trinity Medical Sciences University, St. Vincent, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; RG Menezes, Department of Pathology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; BA Mengistie, School of Midwifery, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; EA Mengistie, Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; SA Meo, Department of Physiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; M Mercogliano, Department of Public Health, University 'Federico II' of Naples, Naples, Italy.; A Meretoja, General Administration Department, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; TJ Meretoja, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; T Mestrovic, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia.; CDK Mettananda, Department of Pharmacology, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; Clinical Medicine Department, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka.; S Mettananda, Department of Paediatrics, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; University Paediatrics Unit, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka.; MMM Metwally, Department of Pathology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.; L Mewton, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; A Mhlanga, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; A Michelerio, Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.; AC Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; HS Mideksa, Department of Oncology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.; PA Miller, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research (QCMHR), The University of Queensland, Wacol, QLD, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; TR Miller, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint, MI, USA.; G Minervini, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy; Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; WK Ming, Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; GK Mini, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India; Global Institute of Public Health, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India.; M Mirghafourvand, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; EM Mirrakhimov, Internal Medicine Programme, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; Department of Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Disease, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.; SA Mirshahvalad, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiology, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON, Canada.; MK Mirutse, Bergen Center for Ethics and Priority Setting, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Y Mirzaei, Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; A Mishra, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.; KG Mishra, Department of Community Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India.; V Mishra, Thumbay College of Management and AI in Healthcare, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Research and Development Department, Panacea Institute of Interdisciplinary Research and Education, Varanasi, India.; AK Misra, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, India.; PB Mitchell, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; P Mithra, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; S Mitra, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; MMM Mittinty, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; M Moazeni, Environment Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; M Mobayen, Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; ME Moberg, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; S Modi, Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; A Mohamadkhani, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; J Mohamed, College of Applied and Natural Science, University of Hargeisa, Hargeisa, Somalia.; MG Mohamed, RAK College of Nursing, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Alkhima, United Arab Emirates; Nursing College, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.; NS Mohamed, Molecular Biology Unit, Sirius Training and Research Centre, Khartoum, Sudan; Bio-Statistical and Molecular Biology Department, Sirius Training and Research Centre, Khartoum, Sudan.; KAH Mohamed Ahmed, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.; T Mohammad, Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBSc), Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; S Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Midwifery Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; A Mohammadi, Urology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MR Mohammadi, Department of Bacteriology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.; SO Mohammadi, Department of Medicine, Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.; A Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; I Mohammadzadeh, Skull Base Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Mohammadzadeh, Department of Pharmaceutics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; AS Mohammed, School of Pharmacy, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; H Mohammed, Department of Public Health, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.; O Mohammed, Department of Medicine, Government Medical College Kozhikode, Kozhikode, India.; S Mohammed, Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; S Mohammed, Department of Health Sciences, Azare, National Institute for Research in Tribal Health, Bauchi, Nigeria.; Y Mohammed, Medical Microbiology Department, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria; Medical Microbiology Department, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.; S Mohan, Department of Pharmacology, Dale View College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Thruvananthapuram, India; School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India.; YK Mohanta, Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Ri-Bhoi, India.; M Mohseni, Department of Health Services Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Iran; Department of Health Services Management, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; A Mokari-Yamchi, Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.; AH Mokdad, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Mokhirev, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; P Mokhtarzadehazar, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.; S Molinaro, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.; A Mollaei, Department Medical-Surgical Nursing, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.; S Momani, Department of Mathematics, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Nonlinear Dynamics Research Center (NDRC), Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; L Monasta, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; A Monazzami, Department of Sport Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.; H Mondal, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India.; S Mondello, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Messina University, Messina, Italy.; AA Montasir, Department of Medicine, TMSS Medical College, Bogura, Bangladesh; Department of Medicine, Sofia Ismail Memorial Medical Centre, Bogura, Bangladesh.; CE Moore, Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, St. George's University of London, London, UK.; Y Moradi, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.; M Moradi-Lakeh, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; P Moraga, Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.; L Morawska, International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; RS Moreira, Department of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil; Department of Public Health, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.; BW Morgan, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; N Morovatdar, Clinical Research Development Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; M Morovvati, Baan Clinic, Baan Clinic, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MM Morsy, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt.; J Morze, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; College of Medical Sciences, SGMK Copernicus University, Warsaw, Poland.; R Mosaddeghi Heris, Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; JF Mosser, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; N Motamedgorji, NHS National Services Scotland, Belfast, UK.; V Mougin, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; S Mouodi, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.; A Mousavi, Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SZ Mousavi, Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Mousavi Khaneghah, Faculty of Biotechnologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.; SMS Mousavi Kiasary, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX, USA; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; MAA Mousnad, School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Malaysia; International University of Africa (IUA), Khartoum, Sudan.; A Movo, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; HL Mowafy, Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; K Mozahheb Yousefi, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Mrejen, René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; A Msherghi, Department of Radiology, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.; R Mubarak, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.; S Mubarik, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, University of Groningen (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen), Groningen, Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.; SK Mudgal, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India.; SA Muhammad, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan.; MS Muhtar, International Ph.D. Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; S Mukherjee, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.; S Mukherjee, Knowledge Management Department, Prahlad Omkarwati Foundation (POF), Mumbai, India; Independent Consultant, New Delhi, India.; A Mukhopadhyay, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; S Mukhopadhyay, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital, Kolkata, India.; MA Muktadir, Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA.; S Mulatu, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; F Mulita, Department of Surgery, General University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece; Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.; GB Mulu, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.; C Mulugeta, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.; M Mulyadi, Department of Nursing, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia.; MA Muneer, Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Muniyandi, Department of Health Economics, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.; K Munjal, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India.; Y Munkhsaikhan, Department of Community and Global Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.; J Muñoz Laguna, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.; A Munshi, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; PM Muragundi, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; M Murakami, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan.; YH Muse, School of Postgraduate research and publications, Amoud University, Hargeisa, Somalia.; A Mushtaq, Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; G Mustafa, Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Pulmonology, Institute of Mother & Child Care, Multan, Pakistan; College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.; SI Mustafa, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Duhok University, Duhok, Iraq.; MT Mustapha, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.; S Muthu, Department of Research Methods, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, India; Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, India.; S Muthupandian, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Prince Fahad bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.; CM Muvunyi, Director General, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.; M Muzaffar, Department of Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; W Myung, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.; A Nabavi, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA.; F Naddafi, Department of Geriatric Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Health Education & Promotion, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.; AJ Nagarajan, Research and Analytics Department, Initiative for Financing Health and Human Development, Chennai, India; Department of Research and Analytics, Bioinsilico Technologies, Chennai, India.; SP Nagaraju, Department of Nephrology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; M Naghavi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; P Naghavi, Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA.; GR Naik, Department of Computer Science and IT, Torrens University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; G Naik, Department Health Services Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; H Naik, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; F Nainu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.; S Nair, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Thrissur, India; Health Action by People, Trivandrum, India.; S Najdaghi, Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; N Nakhostin Ansari, Department of Physiotherapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for War-affected People, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; P Nam, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; V Nangia, Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India.; JR Nansseu, Department for the Control of Disease, Epidemics, and Pandemics, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Public Heath, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.; IA Naqid, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zakho, Zakho, Iraq.; S Nargus, University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; D Narimani Davani, Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; Y Nartey, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; BR Nascimento, Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; GG Nascimento, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.; AY Naser, Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.; M Naser, Critical Care Unit, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; AJ Nashwan, Nursing & Midwifery Research Department (NMRD), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; H Nasiri, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; M Nassar, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Vermont, South Burlington, VT, USA.; ZS Natto, Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Health Policy and Oral Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; J Nauman, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; Z Naureen, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; SNK Navaratna, Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; A Nawaz, Department of Internal Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan.; MO Nawaz, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.; BP Nayak, Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India.; SG Nayak, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; J Nazari, Department of Pediatrics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.; GT Nchanji, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon; Department of Research, TroDDIVaT Initiative, Buea, Cameroon.; R Ndejjo, Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.; AW Ndungu, Department of Management Science and Project Planning, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; AT Nega, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; AA Negash, Department of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; MyungSung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; I Negoi, Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of General Surgery, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.; RI Negoi, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Cardiology, Cardio-Aid, Bucharest, Romania.; AG Negru, Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Victor Babes' Timisoara, Romania; Rocordis Heart Center, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Hospital, Timisoara, Romania.; J Nejati, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.; C Nejjari, Euromed Research Center, Euromed University of Fes, Fez, Morocco; Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco.; S Nepal, Department of Community Medicine, Lumbini Medical College, Palpa, Nepal.; OD Nesbit, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; HB Netsere, School of Nursing, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; CRJ Newton, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Neurosciences, Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.; M Ng, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; G Nguefack-Tsague, Department of Public Health, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.; JW Ngunjiri, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya.; ATH Nguyen, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; CT Nguyen, Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam.; HLT Nguyen, Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam.; HT Nguyen, Faculty of Medicine, Nam Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam.; NP Nguyen, International Medical Faculty, Nam Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam; Cardiovascular Research Department, Methodist Hospitals, Merrillville, IN, USA.; PT Nguyen, Department of Surgery, Danang Family Hospital, Danang, Vietnam.; TP Nguyen, Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study (HIAS), Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Japan.; T Nguyen, Faculty of Public Health, VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.; TA Nguyen, Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, New York, NY, USA.; VT Nguyen, Tuberculosis Group, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Department of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; AM Ngwa, Department of Public Health, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon.; RK Niazi, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.; J Nie, Population Research Institute, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China.; L Nieddu, Department of Humanities and Social Science, University for International Studies in Rome, Rome, Italy.; YT Nigatu, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.; A Nikoobar, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; DNA Ningrum, Public Health Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang (State University of Semarang & ReverseEquilibrium;), Kota Semarang, Indonesia; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; V Niranjan, School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Department of Public Health, UNICAF, Larnaca, Cyprus.; AM Nisro, Department of Pathology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.; JR Nkeck, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon.; PA Nkrumah-Boateng, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.; CA Nnaji, Technical Department, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; EA Noman, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen.; S Nomura, Global Research Institute, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.; STA Noor, Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh; Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; M Noorafrooz, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; P Noormohammadpour, Canadian Institute for Health Information, Toronto, ON, Canada.; M Noreen, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan.; M Noroozi, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; JJ Noubiap, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; T Noyes, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; VC Nriagu, Internal Medicine Department, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.; CA Nri-Ezedi, Department of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.; JC Nshimiyimana, Global Health Department, Euclid University, Banqui, Central African Republic.; F Nugen, School of Information, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; AN Nugusa, Department of Public Health, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.; MH Nunemo, Department of Public Health, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.; A Nur, Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Center for Health System and Strategy, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia.; D Nurrika, Department of Public Health, Banten School of Health Science, South Tangerang, Indonesia; Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Higher Education Service Institutions (LL-DIKTI) Region IV, Bandung, Indonesia.; SD Nyadanu, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; FK Nyande, Department of Nursing, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; CI Nzoputam, Center of Excellence in Reproductive Health Innovation (CERHI), University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.; OJ Nzoputam, Department of Physiology, University of Benin, Edo, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Nigeria.; B Oancea, Department of Applied Economics and Quantitative Analysis, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania; Bioinformatics Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania.; G Obaido, College of Computing, Data Science and Society, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.; EM O'Connell, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; AM Odama, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; RM Odat, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; FM Oddi, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy.; IA Odetokun, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.; OO Odukoya, Department of Community Health and Primary Care, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Nigeria; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.; JK Oduro, Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.; MS Oduro, PSSM Data Sciences, Pfizer Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA.; OB Oghenetega, Department of Physiology, Adeleke University, Ede, Nigeria.; OA Ogundijo, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; A Ogunkoya, Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; JO Oguta, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; D Oh, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; S Oh, Institute for Global Engagement & Empowerment, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.; ET O'Hagan, Westmead Applied Research Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; H Okati-Aliabad, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.; SR Okeke, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; DO Okeke-Obayemi, Counselling and Human Development Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; AP Okekunle, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; OJ Okesanya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria.; OA Okoli, Management Science and Healthcare Analytics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; OC Okonji, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.; JO Okunlola, Department of Education Leadership and Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.; OA Okunlola, Mathematical and Computer Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; OI Olabisi, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria.; AT Olagunju, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.; OV Olalusi, Department of Neurology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; MI Olatubi, Department of Nursing Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria; Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; AB Oliveira, Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Associação Brasileira de Cefaleia em Salvas e Enxaqueca (ABRACES), São Paulo, Brazil.; GMM Oliveira, Cardiology Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; AA Olorukooba, Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; EJ Olson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; OO Oludoye, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK.; R Olum, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.; BO Olusanya, Centre for Healthy Start Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria.; JO Olusanya, Research Policy & Administration, Centre for Healthy Start Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria.; OG Oluwole, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Nigeria; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; FB Omage, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (State University of Campinas), Campinas, Brazil; Department of Computational Biology, Brazilian Agricultural Research Institute (EMBRAPA), Campinas, Brazil.; HA Omar, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.; GL Omer, Surgery Department, Sulaimani University, Sulaimani, Iraq; ENT Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy.; QC Ong, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; S Onie, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Wellspring Research, Wellspring Center Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.; OE Onwujekwe, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.; F Opara, Department of Pharmaceutical Services, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; M Opitz, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.; M Ordak, Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.; VN Orish, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; Sickle Cell Unit, Ho Teaching Hospital, Ho, Ghana.; R Ornello, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy; Department of Neurology, ASL Avezzano-Sulmona-L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.; A Orscelik, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; A Ortiz, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; E Ortiz-Prado, One Health Global Research Group, Universidad de las Americas (University of the Americas), Quito, Ecuador.; A Osborne, Department of Biological Sciences, Njala University, Freetown, Sierra Leone.; E Osei, University of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; SM Ostroff, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Henry M Jackson School of International Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; JW Ostrominski, Cardiovascular Division, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; UL Osuagwu, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia; Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.; O Osuolale, Department of Biological Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Nigeria.; G Otchere, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.; EH Othman, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; MM Othman, Independent Consultant, Gothenburg, Sweden.; A Otoiu, Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; OJ Otorkpa, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana.; A Oumer, Department of Public Health, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; JJ Ouner, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; A Ouyahia, Faculty of Medicine, University Ferhat Abbas of Setif, Setif, Algeria; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Setif, Setif, Algeria.; G Ouyang, Department of General Surgery, Central South University, ChangSha, China.; MO Owolabi, Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; IA Owusu, West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana.; K Oyebola, Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.; T Oyelade, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK; School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK.; OT Oyeyemi, Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; I Ozsahin, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkiye; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, India.; M P A, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India.; K Pacheco-Barrios, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.; I Padda, Department of Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, NY, USA.; A Padron-Monedero, National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; JR Padubidri, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; A Pak, Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; PK Pal, Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.; T Palicz, Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Hungarian Health Management Association, Budapest, Hungary.; R Palladino, Department of Public Health, University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples, Italy; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; RF Palma-Alvarez, Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Barcelona, Spain.; T Paluvai, Primary Health Center, Directorate of Public Health and Family Welfare, Eluru District, India.; F Pan, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.; HF Pan, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.; P Panahi, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SK Panda, Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India.; S Panda-Jonas, Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; D Pande Katare, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.; K Pang, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Anesthesiology Department of The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.; HU Pangaribuan, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.; GD Panos, Division of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; First Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; LD Panos, Department of Neurology, University of Bern, Biel/Biene, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.; I Pantazopoulos, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; G Paolino, Unit of Dermatology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.; MV Papa, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.; I Papadimopoulos, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; P Papadopoulou, Department of Science and Mathematics, Deree-The American College of Greece, Athens, Greece; Department of Biophysics, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.; U Parekh, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, India.; P Parhizkar Roudsari, Digestive Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cardiac Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Parida, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; C Park, Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.; EK Park, Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, South Korea.; S Park, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; A Parmar, Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.; S Parve, Department of Primary Care and General Practice, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia; Department of Cardiology, Parve Nursing Home, Sindkhed Raja, India.; A Pashaei, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; R Passera, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Department of Imaging, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (AOU City of Health and Science of Turin), Torino, Italy.; BH Patel, Institute of Physiotherapy, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Anand, India.; HM Patel, Department of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India.; M Patel, Marwadi University Research and Development Cell, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India.; NN Patel, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tennessee, Nashville, TN, USA.; S Patel, Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India.; A Patil, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India.; S Patil, College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA.; D Patoulias, Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; A Patra, Department of Human Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India.; MH Patwary, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; H Paul, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; S Pawar, Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; S Pawar, Department of Interventional Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; H Pazoki Toroudi, Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AE Peden, College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; P Pedersini, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.; J Pekarcikova, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia.; VCF Pepito, Center for Research and Innovation, Ateneo De Manila University, Pasig City, Philippines.; P Peprah, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; J Perdigão, Research Institute for Medicines, Universidade de Lisboa (University of Lisbon), Lisbon, Portugal.; G Pereira, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; MO Pereira, Department of Applied Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; P Perez-Lopez, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; N Perico, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy.; S Perna, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.; K Pesudovs, School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; P Petakh, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine.; OJ Peter, Mathematical and Computer Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; FE Petermann-Rocha, Facultad de Medicina (Faculty of Medicine), Universidad Diego Portales (Diego Portales University), Santiago, Chile; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.; HN Pham, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; NT Pham, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.; TT Pham, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam; Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Vietnam.; AK Philip, School of Pharmacy, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; MR Phillips, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; Z Phyo, Department of Epidemiology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.; BV Pickering, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; DM Pigott, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; JD Pillay, Basic Medical Sciences Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.; LP Pinheiro Rocha, Maternal and Child Nursing Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; ZZ Piracha, International Center of Medical Sciences Research, Islamabad, Pakistan; Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.; MA Piradov, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.; E Pirera, Department of Promoting Health, Maternal-Infant, Excellence and Internal and Specialized Medicine (PROMISE) G. D'Alessandro, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.; E Pisoni, Air and Climate Unit, European Commission, Ispra, Italy.; D Plass, Department of Environmental Hygiene, German Environment Agency, Berlin, Germany.; E Plotnikov, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia.; I Podder, Department of Dermatology, Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, India.; D Poddighe, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam.; RV Polibin, Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; P Pollner, Data Driven Health Division, Hungarian Healthcare Management Association, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Digital Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.; R Poluru, Department of Data Management and Analysis, The INCLEN Trust International, New Delhi, India.; A Pon Avudaiappan, Department of Medical and Surgical Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, FL, USA.; CD Pond, Wicking Dementia Research and Teaching Centre, University of Newcastle, Hobart, TAS, Australia.; VT Ponkilainen, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.; I Popa, Management Department, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania; Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania.; S Popova, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.; DS Popovic, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia; Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.; MJ Postma, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.; S Pourasghary, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.; R Pourbabaki, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; F Pourghazi, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; M Poursadeqiyan, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran.; N Pourtaheri, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.; AR Prabhu, Department of Nephrology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; SI Prada, Centro de Investigaciones Clinicas (Clinical Research Center), Fundación Valle del Lili (Valle del Lili Foundation), Cali, Colombia; Centro PROESA, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia.; J Pradhan, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India.; PMS Pradhan, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal; T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; RO Pradipta, Department of Fundamental Nursing, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia; Research Center in Advancing Community Healthcare, Surabaya, Indonesia.; PY Prakash, Department of Microbiology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; CP Prasad, Medical Oncology Lab, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; A Prashant, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India.; EJS Prates, Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; T Priscilla, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy-DVL, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India.; N Pritchett, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; H Priya, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; H Purnobasuki, Department of Biology, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia.; BM Purohit, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; J Puvvula, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; NH Qasim, Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering, Al-Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Cybersecurity, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine.; X Qi, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA.; Z Qi, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; JY Qiu, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.; ZS Quazi, Global Consortium for Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, India.; SN Qurashi, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; D R, Department of Community Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Bengaluru, India.; N Rabiee, Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; B Rachmat, Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia.; RA Radhakrishnan, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; Oman Dental College, Muscat, Oman.; V Radhakrishnan, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A), Chennai, India.; MR Radojčić, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.; H Raeisi Shahraki, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; I Rafique, Research and Development Coordination, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan.; P Raghav, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; P Raghuveer, Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.; L Rahbarnia, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; F Rahim, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan; Director of Central Asia Research Collaboration Group, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; HM Rahim, Medical Laboratory Science Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; S Rahimi, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Health Science Research Centre, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.; A Rahimi-Movaghar, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; V Rahimi-Movaghar, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; FM Rahman, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Faculty of Health Sciences, Qaiwan International University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; M Rahman, Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (PPS), Royal Veterinary College (RVC), London, UK.; M Rahman, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; MM Rahman, Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.; MHU Rahman, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Sohar, Oman.; MM Rahman, Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; M Rahman, Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.; S Rahmani, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; M Rahmati, Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (CEReSS), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.; G Rahmatpour Rokni, Department of Dermatology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; H Rahmoune, Faculty of Medicine, University of Setif Algeria, Setif, Algeria; LIRSSEI Research Lab, University of Setif Algeria, Setif, Algeria.; P Rai, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; D Raimondo, Division of Gynecology and Human Reproduction Physiopathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; I Raimondo, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; Gynecology and Breast Care Center, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy.; SK Raina, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, India.; JP Raj, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; A Raja, Department of Cardiology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.; S Raja, Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.; S Rajaa, Department of Community Medicine, Employees' State Insurance Model Hospital, Chennai, India.; E Rajabi, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Rajai Firouzabadi, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; G Rajendran, Emergency Medicine Department, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India.; J Rajendran, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; V Rajendran, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India.; S Rajindrajith, Department of Paediatrics, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; MA Rajizadeh, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; P Rajput, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India.; MM Ramadan, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Cardiology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; M Ramadan, Department of Population Health, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; K Ramadhan, Department of Midwifery, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Palu, Indonesia.; C Ramasamy, Department of Anatomy, Govt. Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, India.; SK Ramasamy, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; S Ramazanu, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Z Ramezani, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Ramezani Farani, Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea.; PW Ramteke, Department of Biotechnology, Hislop College, Nagpur, India; Department of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, India.; J Rana, South Asian Institute for Social Transformation (SAIST), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.; SS Rana, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India.; CL Ranabhat, Department of Research, Eastern Scientific LLC, Richmond, KY, USA; Planetary Health Research Centre (PHRC), Kathmandu, Nepal.; N Rancic, Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Defence in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Belgrade, Serbia.; S Rani, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India.; F Ranjbar Noei, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.; CR Rao, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; K Rao, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte University, Mangalore, India.; M Rao, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; SJ Rao, Department of Oral Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Odontology, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shimogga, India.; D Rasella, Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.; V Rashedi, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MM Rashidi, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MA Rasouli, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.; A Rasouli-Saravani, Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; P Rastogi, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; A Rasul, Department of Geography, Soran University, Soran, Iraq.; D Rathish, Department of Family Medicine, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.; A Rauf, University of Swabi, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan.; SK Rauniyar, Department of Global Health Policy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.; I Rautalin, Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; The National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.; R Ravangard, Department of Health Services Management, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; D Ravi, Department of Psychiatry, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.; DL Rawaf, WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, UK; Inovus Medical, St Helens, UK.; S Rawaf, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Academic Public Health England, Public Health England, London, UK.; R Rawassizadeh, Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.; R Rawat, Department of Mathematical Demography & Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.; A Ray, Interventional Cardiology Department, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA.; M Rayati, Gene Therapy Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; I Razeghian, College of medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; B Razi, Department of Hematology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Department of Hematology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.; C Razo, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; F Recenti, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; MMRK Reddy, Department of Internal Medicine, Northwest Health, Porter, Valparaiso, IN, USA.; E Redwan, Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Egypt; Department of Protein Research, Research and Academic Institution, Alexandria, Egypt.; S Rege, Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.; W Rehman, Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.; L Reifels, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; G Remuzzi, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy.; L Ren, School of Public Health and China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.; AMN Renzaho, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.; S Resnikoff, School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; LF Reyes, Unisabana Center for Translational Science, Universidad de La Sabana (Savannah University), Chia, Colombia; Critical Care Department, Clinica Universidad De La Sabana (Savannah University Clinic), Chia, Colombia.; M Rezaei, School of Environment, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.; N Rezaei, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; N Rezaei, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; N Rezaei, Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.; M Rezaeian, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.; TG Rhee, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; MA Riaz, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; ALP Ribeiro, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Centre of Telehealth, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; J Rickard, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda.; MR Rizvi, Department of Physiology and Physiotherapy, DIT University, Delhi, India.; HE Robinson-Oden, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; HAL Rocha, Community Health Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.; JR Rocha-Gomes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; M Rodrigues, Department of Geography and Demography, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; L Roever, Department of Clinical Research, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.; P Rohloff, Division of Global Health Equity, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Indigenous Health Research, Wuqu' Kawoq Maya Health Alliance, Tecpan, Guatemala.; I Rohmah, School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; S Röhr, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; D Rojas-Rueda, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.; ML Rolfzen, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.; DS Romadlon, Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.; M Romoli, Department of Neurosciences, Maurizio Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy; Centre for Global Epilepsy, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; M Romozzi, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Cuore Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of Sacred Heart), Rome, Italy.; L Ronfani, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; JJ Rosauer, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Roshanshad, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.; M Rostamian, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.; GA Roth, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; K Rotimi, Department of Pharmacy Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada; West African Postgraduate College of Pharmacists, Lagos, Nigeria.; HS Rout, Department of Analytical and Applied Economics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India; RUSA Centre of Excellence in Public Policy and Governance, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India.; H Rouzbahani, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.; R Rouzbahani, Family and Prevention Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; S Rouzbahani, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.; B Roy, Faculty of Medicine, Quest International University Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia.; N Roy, Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.; P Roy, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Agartala, India.; P Roy, Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India.; P Roy, Department of Labour, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata, India.; S Roy, Department of Public Health, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA.; S Roy, Research Department, Indian Institute of Public Health, Delhi, India.; S Roy Chowdhury, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; P Royapuram Parthasarathy, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; E Rubagotti, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Médicas, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia.; GA Ruela, Advanced Campus Governador Valadares, Juiz de For a Federal University, Governador Valadares, Brazil.; SF Rumisha, Department of Health Statistics, National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; The Malaria Atlas Project, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.; M Russo, Department of Cardiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital - ASL2 Abruzzo, Chieti, Italy.; GM Rwegerera, Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.; M S, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India.; C S N, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India.; AMA Saad, Cardiovascular Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.; A Saad Eddin, Department of Critical Care Anesthesiology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; Z Saadatian, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.; MM Saber-Ayad, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.; CJ Sabet, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.; S Sabour, Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; KP Sadarangani, Escuela de Kinesiología, Diego Portales University, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.; SK Sadat Rafiei, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; BA Saddik, School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; BA Sadee, Department of Food Technology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; T Sadegh, Department of Computer, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.; E Sadeghi, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; E Sadeghi, Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; F Sadeghi-Ghyassi, Iranian Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; M Saeed, Department of Biology, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; U Saeed, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkiye; International Center of Medical Sciences Research, Islamabad, Pakistan.; M Saeedi, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.; M Safari, Department of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Safi, Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SZ Safi, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia; Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; R Sagar, Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; M Sagharichi, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; D Sagoe, Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; N Saha, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; F Saheb Sharif-Askari, Sharjah Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; N Saheb Sharif-Askari, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; A Sahebkar, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; PM Sahoo, Department of Analytical and Applied Economics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India.; KS Sahu, Canadian Red Cross, Red Cross, Ottawa, ON, Canada.; MS Said, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.; Z Saif, Department of Psychiatry, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain.; SM Sajadi, College of Pharmacy, Al-Hadba University, Mosul, Iraq.; MRUZ Sajib, Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA.; MR Sajid, Department of Statistics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan.; M Saki, Department of Microbiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.; N Salam, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; P Salamati, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; LB Salaroli, Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.; MA Saleh, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; L Salehi, Department of Health Education & Promotion, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital, Karaj, Iran; Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.; M Salehi, Department of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.; MR Salem, Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.; MZY Salem, Technology Management Department, University College of Applied Sciences, Gaza, Palestine; School of Economics and Management, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.; D Salihu, College of Nursing, Jouf University, Jouf, Saudi Arabia.; S Salimi, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Sallam, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; GA Salum, Department of Global Initiatives, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; SS Salvi, Clinical Research Division, Pulmocare Research and Education (PURE) Foundation, Pune, India; Faculty of Health Sciences, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India.; H Samadi Kafil, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; JE Samaranayake, Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Surgical Department, North Colombo Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka.; W Sami, College of Nursing, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; YL Samodra, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Benang Merah Research Center (BMRC), Minahasa Utara, Indonesia.; VP Samuel, Department of Anatomy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.; AM Samy, Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Medical Ain Shams Research Institute (MASRI), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; SG Sangle, Department of Forensic Biology, Government Institute of Forensic Science Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, India.; E Sanjari, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Sankar, Department of Microbiology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; F Sanmarchi, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Primary Healthcare Department, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; F Sanna, Child Health Analytics Research Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.; LHCC Santos, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; MM Santric-Milicevic, School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; BP Sao Jose, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; KP Sapkota, Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.; SYI Saraswathy, Independent Consultant, Thiruvananthapuram, India.; JO Sarfo, Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.; Y Sarikhani, Department of Public Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; H Sarma, Botany Department, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, India.; M Sarmadi, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.; GS Sarode, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.; SC Sarode, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.; S Saroshe, Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, India.; M Sassano, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; B Sathian, Department of Geriatric and Long Term Care, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK.; MK Sathya Narayanan, Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.; PA Saunders, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.; M Savabi Far, Precision Medicine Department, Università degli studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli (University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli), Naples, Italy.; M Sawhney, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.; SG Saxena, Department of Public Health Sciences, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC, USA; Harvard Extension School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.; GK Saya, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.; A Sayeed, Department of Post-Harvest Technology and Marketing, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh; Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; M Saylan, Psychiatry Clinic, Holy Savior Armenian Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye.; C Schinckus, Faculty of Business and Computing, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada; Graduate School of Business, ESAN University, Lima, Peru.; IJC Schneider, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil.; RD Schneider, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Schuermans, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; AE Schumacher, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; G Schwarz, Stroke Unit and Neurology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.; DC Schwebel, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; F Schwendicke, Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.; C Schwinger, Department of Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway; Center for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; A Sedigh, Operating Room Department, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran; Department of Medical Education, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Sekaran, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; M Šekerija, Department of Medical Statistics, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia.; M Selvamani, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; V Selvaraj, Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Chennai, India.; Y Semenova, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.; MH Semreen, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; FW Sendeku, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; YC Senol, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; S Senthilkumaran, Emergency Department, Manian Medical Centre, Erode, India.; SG Sepanlou, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AC Serban, Department of Economics and Economic Policies, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; E Serván-Mori, Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.; Y Sethi, Department of Medicine, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, India.; C Sewor, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.; SM Seyed Alshohadaei, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Seylani, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.; M Seymour, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; J Shadid, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; NS Shah, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; S Shah, Rita A. Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, The Charutar Vidya Mandal (CVM) University, Anand, India.; S Shaharudin, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.; M Shahbaz, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.; S Shahid, Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; SA Shahid, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.; W Shahid, Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; E Shahini, Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS, Bari, Italy.; F Shahrahmani, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; HR Shahsavari, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran.; MJ Shahwan, Center for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; MA Shaikh, Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan.; A Shakeri, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Shakerimoghaddam, Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.; AS Shalash, Neurology Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; S Sham, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA.; MA Shamim, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; F Shams, Division of Neurological Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; M Shams-Beyranvand, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.; MA Shamshirgaran, Department of Pathobiology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.; A Shamsi, Center for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBSc), Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; A Shamsutdinova, Science Department, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; D Shan, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland; Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; A Shankar, Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; M Shannawaz, Amity Institute of Public Health, Amity University, Noida, India.; X Shao, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; A Sharifan, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria.; J Sharifi Rad, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador.; A Sharma, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India.; BK Sharma, Department of Forensic Science, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, India.; B Sharma, Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, India.; K Sharma, UN Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India; Department of Cardiology, Government Medical College, Ahmedabad, India.; M Sharma, Department of Social and Behavioral Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.; S Sharma, Department of Nephrology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College, New Delhi, India.; U Sharma, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; V Sharma, Institute of Forensic Science & Criminology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.; RP Shastry, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, India.; S Shastry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; A Shavandi, Department of Engineering, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.; R Shawahna, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.; M Shayan, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Ophthalmic Research Center (ORC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; B Shehu Bappah, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Health Sciences, Azare, Nigeria.; A Sheidaei, Quantitative Department, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran; School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SM Shenoy, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India.; SP Sherchan, Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.; SS Shetty, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, India.; F Shi, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.; LH Shi, The Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; M Shibani, General Surgery Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.; BF Shibesh, Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; K Shibuya, Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo, Japan.; D Shiferaw, Department of Public Health, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dollo, Ethiopia; Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; MMH Shimul, Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; JI Shin, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.; MJ Shin, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; R Shiri, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.; R Shirkoohi, Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Shittu, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria.; AO Shitu, Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.; I Shiue, Oulu Business School, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Martti Ahtisaari Institute, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.; V Shivarov, Department of Experimental Research, Medical University Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria; Department of Genetics, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridiski' Sofia, Bulgaria.; NA Shlobin, Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; S Shojaei, Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Z Shokati Eshkiki, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.; A Shokri, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.; SN Shongwe, Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.; S Shool, Center for Technology and Innovation in Cardiovascular Informatics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SA Shorofi, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; G Shrestha, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.; S Shrestha, Department of Research and Academics, Kathmandu Cancer Center, Bhaktapur, Nepal; Person-Centered Research, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; K Shuval, Kenneth H. Cooper Institute, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA.; NRS Sibuyi, Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Randburg, South Africa; Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.; EE Siddig, Unit of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; M Sidiq, Galgotias Multidisciplinary Research & Development Cell, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India; Department of Physiotherapy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India.; M Siegel, Chair for General Economics, Health Economics and Econometrics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.; DAS Silva, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.; GCBD Silva, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; JP Silva, Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; JC Silva, Instituto Salud Publica, Pontifical Javeriana University, Bogota, Colombia.; LMLR Silva, Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal; RISE Health, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.; NJB Silva de Leonardi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; PP Simkhada, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.; A Singh, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.; A Singh, Amity institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, India.; A Singh, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.; B Singh, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; BP Singh, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sceinces, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management-Kundli (NIFTEM-K), Sonipat, India.; H Singh, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.; H Singh, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, India.; J Singh, Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, India.; JA Singh, School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Houston, TX, USA.; K Singh, Research Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; L Singh, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.; NP Singh, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, India.; P Singh, Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India.; PS Singh, Amity Institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, India.; PK Singh, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India.; P Singh, Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, India.; RK Singh, Department of Biochemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.; S Singh, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.; S Singh, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; S Singh, Department of Community Medicine, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar Garhwal, India.; MK Sinha, Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; R Sinha, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Ranchi, India.; R Sinto, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia.; SB Sirota, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; ST Skou, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark.; DA Sleet, Division of Injury Prevention, The Bizzell Group, Atlanta, GA, USA; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.; ELN Slepak, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; F Sobia, Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; M Sohel, Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; S Sohrabi, School of Medical Education and Learning Technologies, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; BS Sokhal, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-On-Trent, UK; University Hospitals North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.; R Solanki, Department of Systemic Pathology, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Middletown, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Saint Martin.; S Solikhah, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; SSM Soliman, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; W Song, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; Y Song, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; A Sood, Department of Endocrinology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; P Sood, Independent Consultant, New Delhi, India.; S Soraneh, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.; RJD Sorensen, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; JB Soriano, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases Network), Madrid, Spain.; M Sorrentino, Department of Public Health, University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples, Italy; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; F Sousa, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; MA Sousa, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Federal University of Minas Gerais), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; C Soylu, Doheny Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Pasadena, CA, USA.; M Spartalis, 3rd Department of Cardiology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.; S Spearman, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; MS Sra, Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; CT Sreeramareddy, Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; BS Srichawla, Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.; SK Srinivasamurthy, Department of Pharmacology, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.; S Sriram, College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.; LK Stafford, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; JD Stanaway, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; AV Starodubova, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia; Department of Internal Disease, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; SC Ştefan, Management Department, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; C Stein, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; DJ Stein, SAMRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; C Steiner, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; TJ Steiner, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; JD Steinmetz, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; P Steiropoulos, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.; A Stevanović, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; L Stockfelt, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Department, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.; LJ Stovner, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Trondheim, Norway.; K Straif, Global Observatory on Pollution and Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA; ISGlobal Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; P Stubbs, Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Y Su, Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.; O Subasi, Department of Orthopaedics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.; N Subedi, Research Department, Nepal Development Society, Kathmandu, Nepal; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; CK Suemoto, Department of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.; A Suhag, Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; L Sui, School of Acupuncture-Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.; T Sukaew, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.; SK Sulaiman, Department of Physiotherapy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq.; AG Suleiman, Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; M Suleiman Odidi, Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University, Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria.; M Suleman, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan.; D Sulistiyorini, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Indonesia Maju, Jakarta, Indonesia.; MJM Sullman, Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.; A Sultan Meo, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; University Diabetes Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; HZ Sun, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.; J Sun, Institute of Integrated Intelligence and Systems, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia.; ML Sun, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.; X Sun, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.; Z Sun, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.; Z Sun, High-Quality Development Evaluation Research Institute, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China.; S Sundaragiri, Gandhi Medical College, Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences (KNRUHS), Secunderabad, India.; T Sundaram, Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.; J Sundström, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; D Sunkersing, Department of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK.; S Sunny, Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India.; V Suresh, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; CK Swain, Department of Analytical and Applied Economics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India.; VM Swart, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; DA Syaiful, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia.; L Szarpak, Department of Clinical Research and Development, LUXMED Group, Warsaw, Poland; Collegium Medicum, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.; MD Szeto, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; SS T Y, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India.; P Tabaee Damavandi, Department of Neurology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland (NSI), Lugano, Switzerland.; R Tabarés-Seisdedos, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain.; SA Tabatabaeizadeh, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.; S Tabatabai, Department of Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; C Tabche, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; R Tabibi, Department of Health, Safety, and Environmental Management, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.; M Tabish, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India; College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.; J Tadakamadla, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia.; SK Tadakamadla, School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.; BA Tafida, Department of Physiotherapy, A.T. Still University, Azare, Nigeria.; F Taghizadeh-Hesary, The Five Senses Health Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Y Taheri Abkenar, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.; M Taheri Soodejani, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.; A Taherkhani, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.; J Taiba, Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.; S Tajabadi, Precision Medicine Department, Università degli studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli (University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli), Naples, Italy.; IM Talaat, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pathology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.; S Talic, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; B Talukder, Department of Global Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.; M Tampa, Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Dermato-Venereology, Dr. Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania.; JL Tamuzi, Department of Epidemiology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medicine, Northlands Medical Group, Omuthiya, Namibia.; J Tan, Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.; KK Tan, Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; S Tanabayeva, Department of Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; H Tang, State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; E Tantisattamo, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.; IU Tarigan, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia.; MK Tariku, Department of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.; S Tariq, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Metabolism and Systems Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; M Tariqujjaman, Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; NY Tat, Taking Our Best Shot, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Research and Innovation, Enventure Medical Innovation, Houston, TX, USA.; R Tavakoli Oliaee, Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; R Tavakoly, Institute of General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Robert Bosch Center for Integrative Medicine and Health, Bosch Health Campus, Stuttgart, Germany.; SM Tavangar, Department of Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MG Tedla, Indiana University School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Indianapolis, IN, USA.; AT Tefera, University of Gondar, Ethiopian Medical Association, Gondar, Ethiopia.; M Teimoori, Department of Urology, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.; MH Temsah, Research Chair for Evidence-Based Health Care and Knowledge Translation, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; C Teply, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; M Teramoto, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; AH Tesfaye, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; AA Tesfu, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; J Tewari, Internal Medicine Department, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.; A Teymouri, Department of Radiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Abdominal Surgery, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; O Thaher, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Bochum, Herne, Germany.; P Thangaraju, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India.; KR Thankappan, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India.; R Thapar, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; I Tharwat, Department of Economics, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.; S Tharwat, Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; H Theyra-Enias, Department of Radiology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; MK Thind, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.; AJ Thirunavukarasu, International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.; M Thiruvengadam, Department of Applied Bioscience, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.; R Thiruvengadam, Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; A Thiyagarajan, Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany.; N Thomas, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC), Vellore, India.; GP Thota, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.; W Tian, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.; JHV Ticoalu, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sam Ratulangi (Sam Ratulangi University), Manado, Indonesia.; TY Tiruye, Department of Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Public Health Department, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.; M Tleshev, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; MA Tolani, Department of Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; S Tomo, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; M Tonelli, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; R Topor-Madry, Interdisciplinary Health Data Center, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.; A Torkashvand, Merilyn and Glick Eye Institute, University of Indiana, Indianapolis, IN, USA.; M Touvier, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France; Department of Health, Medicine and Human Biology, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France.; MR Tovani-Palone, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; K Trabelsi, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; Department of Movement Sciences and Sports Training, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; E Traini, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy; Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Utrecht, Netherlands.; MTN Tran, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.; NM Tran, Department of Health, Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; NH Tran, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; QTH Tran, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.; TQM Tran, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; TH Tran, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Department of Business Analytics, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA.; N Tran Minh Duc, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan; ALS Vietnam Research and Advocacy Initiative, ALS Vietnam, Quang Ngai, Vietnam.; D Trico, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.; I Trihandini, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.; SJ Tromans, Adult Learning Disability Service, Leicestershire Partnership National Health Service Trust, Leicester, UK; Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.; QXN Truong, College of Health Science, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam.; TTTT Truyen, Faculty of Medicine, Nam Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam.; A Tsatsakis, Department of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.; G Tse, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Kent and Medway Medical School, Kent and Medway Medical School, Canterbury, UK.; EE Tsermpini, Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.; L Tudor Car, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; M Tuffour Amirikah, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; M Tumurkhuu, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.; Z Tuo, Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.; SC Tye, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; AJ Udoakang, Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; A Ullah, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; H Ullah, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan; College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.; I Ullah, Department of Allied Health Sciences, Iqra University Chak Shahzad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.; S Ullah, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.; M Umair, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; KK Umapathi, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA.; L Umar, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal Ministry of Health, Azare, Nigeria; Federal University of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital Azare, Azare, Nigeria.; M Umar, Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Lahore Business School, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Umar, Department of Medicine, Khairpur Medical College, Khairpur, Pakistan.; SS Umar, Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Oncology, Federal Medical Centre, Gusau, Nigeria.; A Underwood-Nakamura, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; D Upadhya, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; E Upadhyay, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.; D Uppal, Section of Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY, USA.; D Urso, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari, Tricase, Italy; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.; JS Usman, Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; KJ Uzor, Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.; D Uzun Ozsahin, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Near East University, Mersin, Turkiye.; H Uzunçıbuk, Department of Orthodontics, University of Trakya, Edirne, Turkiye.; P Vadagam, Johnson & Johnson, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; S Vahdati, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; AG Vaithinathan, College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain.; O Vakili, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; A Vakilian, Department of Neurology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.; PR Valdez, Sociedad Argentina de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hospital Vélez Sarsfield, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; M Valenti, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.; G Valizadeh, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; J Van den Eynde, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; G Van Der Walt, Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; A van Donkelaar, Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; J Varasteh, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.; RP Varma, Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.; P Vart, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.; TJ Vasankari, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.; S Vasishta, Department of Biochemistry, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Chittoor, Chittoor, India.; SS Vasudevan, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.; P Veginadu, School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia; Population Oral Health, Sydney Dental School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; AS Vella, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; B Vellingiri, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Department of Human Genetics & Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.; N Venketasubramanian, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.; B Venkidasamy, Centre for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; M Verma, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; P Verma, Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India.; M Veroux, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'GF Ingrassia' University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; GI Verras, Department of Surgery, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; D Vervoort, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; S Vidale, Department of Neurology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy; Department of Neurology & Stroke Unit, Sant'Anna Hospital, Como, Italy.; S Villa, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.; JH Villafañe, Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Europea de Madrid (European University of Madrid), Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain.; D Villarreal-Zegarra, Digital Health Research Center, Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.; FS Violante, Occupational Medicine Unit, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; SC Vipparthy, Cardiac Electrophysiology, St Bernard's Medical Center, Jonesboro, AR, USA.; R Visontay, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; LM Vitorino, Faculty of Medicine of Itajubá, Brazil, Itajubá, Brazil.; V Vlassov, Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.; M Vojtek, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; SE Vollset, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; GBD Collaborating Unit, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Vongpradith, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; M Vosoughi, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran.; E Vounzoulaki, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.; HN Vu, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; L Vu, Faculty of Public Health, VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam; International Institute for Training and Research (INSTAR), VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam.; Y Waheed, NUST School of Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan; Széchenyi István University, Gyor, Hungary.; M Wahidin, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia.; M Walia, Department of Forensic Science, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, India.; AW Wamai, Department of Social Sciences, Chuka University, Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; Population Studies and Research Institute, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; JY Wan, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; C Wang, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; F Wang, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; L Wang, Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.; L Wang, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.; R Wang, Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.; S Wang, Department of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University Malaysia, Xiamen, China.; S Wang, Department of Neurosurgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China.; W Wang, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; X Wang, College of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang City, China.; X Wang, Enze Medical Health Academy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China.; Y Wang, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.; Y Wang, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.; YP Wang, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Z Wang, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China.; TA Wani, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; MN Wanjau, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; School of Nursing Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; AB Waqar, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Waqas, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan.; P Ward, Centre for Health Policy Research, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; TH Wassie, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; KG Weerakoon, Department of Parasitology, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.; I Weerasekara, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; University of Adelaide, North Terrace, NSW, Australia.; FL Wei, Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China; Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.; X Wei, Department of Geriatrics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.; RG Weintraub, Cardiology Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Critical Care and Neurosciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.; DJ Weiss, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Child Health Analytics Research Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.; EJ Weiss, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; YF Wen, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Stomatological Hospital (College) of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.; A Werdecker, Demographic Change and Aging Research Area, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany.; R Westerman, Competence Center of Mortality-Follow-Up of the German National Cohort, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany.; JL Whisnant, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; HA Whiteford, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; T Wiangkham, Department of Physical Therapy, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.; YC Wibowo, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.; AL Wicaksana, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; DP Wickramasinghe, Department of Surgery, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; ND Wickramasinghe, Department of Community Medicine, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.; S Wiebe, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; A Wilandika, Department of Nursing, Universitas Aisyiyah Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia.; P Willeit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.; S Wilson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; AA Wireko, Research Organisation, Inter-Continental Omni-Research in Medicine Collaborative, Berlin, Germany.; GK Wirtu, School of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia; School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; CS Wiysonge, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.; AT Woday, Department of Public Health, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia.; MW Wojewodzic, Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; AW Wolf, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.; TE Wonde, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; YC Wondmeneh, Brown School of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; DT Worede, Department of Theory and Empiricism of Healthcare, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany.; MC Worku, Department of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; NK Worku, Department of Public Health, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.; AM Wu, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.; C Wu, Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.; F Wu, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.; JF Wu, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.; J Wu, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.; J Wu, Department of Public Health, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China.; SN Wu, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University Malaysia, Xiamen, China.; Z Wu, Division of Gastroenterology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; YM Wubie, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; Y Xia, Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.; Z Xia, Western Institute of Digital-Intelligent Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.; G Xiao, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; H Xiao, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China; Department of Public Health Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.; N Xiao, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China.; W Xie, Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.; H Xing, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.; S Xu, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.; S Xu, Department of Endocrinology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; School of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.; W Xu, Department of Nutrition, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; X Xu, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.; X Xu, School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; MK Yadav, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; V Yadav, Department of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.; M Yadollahi, Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; S Yaghoubi, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.; S Yahoo Syed, Department of Community Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India.; G Yahya, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Department of Cells and Tissues, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; K Yamagishi, Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Public Health Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.; G Yan, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.; H Yang, Department of Public Health Administration, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China.; W Yang, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tian Jin, China.; X Yang, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; Y Yano, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.; H Yao, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; L Yao, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; A Yarahmadi, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; H Yasin, College of pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; MA Yassin, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Hematology Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Y Yasufuku, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan.; S Yaya, The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.; P Ye, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Yeganeh, School of Biotechnology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.; AC Yekdeş, Department of Public Health, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkiye.; MH YektaKooshali, Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; KA Yergaliyev, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.; R Yesodharan, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India.; SA Yesuf, Department of Family Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Family Medicine Department, St. Peter's Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; S Yezli, Biostatics, Epidemiology, and Science Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; S Yi, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; KHANA Center for Population Health Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.; M Yigezu, Public Health Department, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.; ZA Yigzaw, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; D Yin, Department of Epidemiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; Y Yin, Nankai University, China Population and Development Research Center, Tianjin, China.; P Yip, Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; MB Yismaw, Department of Pharmacy, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; YE Yismaw, Department of Pharmacology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Pharmacy Department, Alkan Health Science, Business and Technology College, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; DK Yon, Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.; N Yonemoto, Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biostatistics, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.; MZ Younis, Department of Health Policy and Management, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA; School of Business & Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia (University of Putra Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; A Yousuf, Department of Public Health, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.; C Yu, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.; J Yu, Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.; Y Yu, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.; FH Yuh, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; G Yunus, Department of Basic Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; U Yunusa, Department of Nursing Science, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; AA Yusuf, Department of Haematology, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.; M Yuwanati, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; S Zadey, Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, India; Department of Emergency Medicine, Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation (GEMINI) Research Center, Durham, NC, USA.; V Zadnik, Epidemiology and Cancer Registry Sector, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.; M Zafar, Family and Community Medicine Department, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; M Zaghampour, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.; E Zainal Abidin, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.; F Zakham, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah, Yemen.; N Zaki, Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; G Zamagni, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; BA Zaman, Basic Sciences Department, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.; SB Zaman, Department of Health Sciences, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA.; AS Zamani, Department of Computer and Self Development, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.; N Zamora, Health Investigation Center, Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo, Tarija, Bolivia; San Pablo Catholic University Tarija Bolivia, Tarija, Bolivia.; A Zanghì, Sant'Elia Hospital, University of Catania, Caltanissetta, Italy.; HJ Zar, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Medical Research Council South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.; K Zarea, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.; M Zawiah, Department of Clinical Practice, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia.; MGM Zeariya, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Public Health, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; AM Zenebe, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; S Zensen, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.; EM Zeru, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; T Zhan, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; Y Zhan, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; B Zhang, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China.; CJP Zhang, School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; H Zhang, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; J Zhang, School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.; L Zhang, Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.; M Zhang, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; X Zhang, Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.; Y Zhang, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Z Zhang, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.; J Zhao, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.; S Zhao, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.; Z Zhao, Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.; J Zheng, School of Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.; MH Zheng, Department of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.; P Zheng, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; CC Zhong, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; J Zhou, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; J Zhou, School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.; M Zhou, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control China and Prevention, Beijing, China.; B Zhu, School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.; Z Zhu, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia.; A Zhumagaliuly, Atchabarov Scientific-Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; M Zielińska, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.; L Zihao, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.; G Zoghi, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.; MA Zoromba, College of Nursing, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; Z Zou, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; RM Zrieq, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Applied Science Research Centre, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; LJ Zuhlke, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; L Zuhriyah, Department of Public Health, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.; A Zumla, Center for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, London, UK; NIHR-Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR-BRC), University College London Hospitals, London, UK.; AH Zyoud, Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.; SH Zyoud, Clinical Research Centre, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine; Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.; SH Zyoud, Department of Building Engineering and Environment, Palestine Technical University (Kadoorie), Tulkarem, Palestine; Civil Engineering and Sustainable Structures, Palestine Technical University (Kadoorie), Tulkarem, Palestine.; M Brauer, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; T Vos, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; CJL Murray, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; E Gakidou, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Date Created: 20251015 Date Completed: 20251018 Latest Revision: 20251114

20251115

PMC12535840

10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

41092926

MEDLINE